Life-style Modification in Peripheral Arterial Disease

Khan, Saira; Cleanthis, M.; Smout, Jonathan; Flather, Marcus; Stansby, Gerard

doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2004.09.020

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Clinical trials were not able to confirm the protective effects of these nutrients when observed in epidemiological studies. 7,9,10,[39][40][41][42][43] Although the antioxidant capacity is known to be reduced in subjects with PAD, 44 the results of the present study did not support the hypothesis of beneficial effects of vitamins C and E intake in atherosclerotic diseases.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Our finding of a negative association of PAD and fiber consumption, particularly fibers from fruits and whole grains, could suggest a protective role against PAD, independently of other dietary and non-dietary cardiovascular risk factors. In fact, such inverse association has already been described by some investigators, 44 but not in the Heart Professionals Follow-up Study. 8 Further studies are desirable to clarify these controversies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Fat and Fiber Consumption are Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of a Japanese-Brazilian Population

Gimeno

Hirai

Harima

et al. 2008

Circ J

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eripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a severe atherosclerotic complication of diabetes mellitus and hypertension with a deleterious impact on the quality of life. Walking intolerance and amputation are major problems for subjects with PAD. Moreover, this is associated with an increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. People with PAD are more than 4 times likely to die of any cause over 2 years from diagnosis than those without this condition. [1][2][3][4] PAD may be identified non-invasively by the determination of the ankle-to-brachial systolic blood pressure (BP) index; values <0.9 are indicative of the presence of disease. [5][6][7] Similar to other sites of the atherosclerotic disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension and use of tobacco are major risk factors for PAD. The inflammation process contributes to the progression of the atherosclerotic lesion. Considering that underlying mechanisms of peripheral and coronary artery diseases are common, similarities in dietary risk factors for both conditions would be expected. 8 Cohort and cross-sectional studies showed a high risk of PAD among subjects with a low intake of dietary antioxidants (eg, carotenoids, and vitamins C and E) or with low circulating levels of these substances. 7,9,10 However, PAD has received less attention in nutrition research, perhaps because its non-fatal presentation becomes symptomatic at a more advanced age compared with other forms of atherosclerosis, such as coronary heart disease and stroke. 11 Epidemiological studies have detected an inverse association between fiber consumption and PAD. 3 This finding is quite plausible as soluble fiber intake was shown to reduce low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol levels. In addition to having a favorable impact on total and LDL-cholesterol and fasting insulin, cereal fiber has been inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. The type of dietary fat consumed has been closely related to atherosclerotic diseases, including PAD. 12 The replacement of saturated fatty acids by mono-or polyunsaturated fatty acids was shown to reduce significantly total and LDL-cholesterol levels. Some evidence suggests that resistance to lipid oxidation could be improved with a diet that has a high content of antioxidants, thus improving the dietary fatty acid composition. 12 The Western diet, which is often characterized by a low content of complex carbohydrates and is rich in animal fat, plays a role in the epidemics of obesity and related diseases, which are also found in migrants from Asian countries. [13][14][15] However, we did not know whether any component of their usual diet would be associated with PAD, as diagnosed by the ankle-to-brachial systolic BP index. This cross-sectional Fat and Fiber Consumption are Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of a Japanese-Brazilian PopulationSuely Godoy Agostinho Gimeno, PhD; Amélia Toyomi Hirai, MD; Helena Aiko Harima, PhD; Mário Yasuo Kikuchi, PhD; Rosana Farah Simony, PhD; Newton de Barros Jr,...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Fat and Fiber Consumption are Associated With Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Cross-Sectional Study of a Japanese-Brazilian Population

Gimeno

Hirai

Harima

et al. 2008

Circ J

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“…Compared with age-matched controls, people with IC have a three to six fold increase in cardiovascular mortality (4). The majority of patients with IC are treated with best medical management (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antiplatelet treatment is given to reduce the risk of cerebrovascular and coronary events. It is effective in the long-term secondary prevention of vascular events in people at high risk of vascular disease, including those who have had ischemic stroke or acute myocardial infarction (MI) (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Te Comparison of the Eﬀects of the Cilostazol on the Stiﬀness Parameters in Diﬀerent Arterial Systems in the Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease

Baykara¹

2016

Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi

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ÖzetAmaç: Noninvaziv yöntemler kullanılarak, stabil IK/PAH hastalarında silostazolünün arteriyel uyum, distensibilite, damar sertliğini ve diğer vasküler olaylara etkisini tespit etmek. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Altı ay boyunca günde iki kez 100 mg silostazol ile tedavi edilen yirmi dokuz hasta (22 erkek, 7 kadın) çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Karotid, femoral ve brakiyal arter ultrason ölçümleri başlangıç-ta ve tedavi başladıktan sonra üçüncü ve altıncı ay sonrasında yapıldı. Arteriyel sertlik ölçümlerinin değerlendirilmesi noninvaziv yöntem-lerle yapıldı. Arteriyel sertlik ölçümlerinin değerlendirilmesi önceden tanımlanmış yöntemle gerçekleştirildi. Bulgular: Olguların yaş ortalaması 64 yıl idi. Karotid, femoral ve brakiyal arterde tedavi ile kesitsel uyum, kesitsel esneklik ve diyastolik duvar gerilme değerlerinin arttığı; pulsatilite indeksi, rezistif indeks, sistolik/ diastolik hız oranı, intima-media kalınlığı ve elastik modül değerlerinin azaldığı saptandı. Karotis, femoral ve brakiyal arterlerdeki değişimin benzer oranları vardı. Sonuç: Periferik arter hastalığı olan hastalarda silostazol tedavisi uzun süreli izlemde kanama riskini artırmadan aterosklerozun ilerlemesini azaltır.Anahtar kelimeler: Periferik arter hastalığı; İntima-media kalınlığı; Arteriyel sertlik; Silostazol; Kesitsel uyum; Kesitsel distensibilite; Diyastolik duvar stresi; Elastik modül Abstract Objective: Object of this study is to determine the effect of cilostazol on arterial compliance, distensibilty and vascular stiffness in carotid, femoral and brachial arteries through non-invasive methods in patients with stable IC/PAD. Material and Methods: Twenty-nine patients (22 male, 7 female) who had been treated with cilostazol 100 mg twice daily during six month were included in the study. Ultrasound measurements of carotid, femoral and brachial arteries were performed at baseline, at 3 and 6 months after starting of treatment and the evaluation of the arterial stiffness measurements were performed by the pre-defined method. Results: The mean age of the participants was 64 years. Pulsatility index, resistive index, systolic/diastolic velocity ratio, intima-media thickness and elastic modulus values were decreased while cross-sectional compliance, cross-sectional distensibility and diastolic wall stress values were increased with treatment in carotid, femoral and brachial arteries. Carotid, femoral and brachial arteries have similar rates of change. Conclusion: Cilostazol treatment reduced the progression of atherosclerosis without increasing the risk of bleeding in patients with peripheral arterial disease during a long-term follow-up.

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“…Lifestyle modifications are currently the most cost-effective interventions 62 and there is compelling evidence to support smoking cessation, dietary changes and exercise. 63 Prevention of PAD With Diet and Lifestyle:…”

Section: Disclosuresmentioning

confidence: 99%