Life stages and taxonomic affinities of<i>Xenochironomus canterburyensis</i>(Chironomidae: Diptera)

Forsyth, D. J.

doi:10.1080/03014223.1979.10428387

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Incidence of internal shell abnormalities in H. menziesi was common in the morphologically similar (i.e., relatively high, wide and heavy) shells found at Taupo and Ohakuri. To some extent these abnormalities would have been caused by the chironomid Xenochironomus canterburyensis, a commensal of H. menziesi (Forsyth & McCallum, 1978a & b;Forsyth, 1979). Larvae of X. canterburyensis occupy the mantle/valve cavity and the space beneath the periostracal membrane at the valve margin and their infestations can directly affect the shell (Forsyth & McCallum, 1978a & b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure, shell morphology, age and condition of the freshwater mussel Hyridella menziesi (Unionacea: Hyriidae) from seven lake and river sites in the Waikato River system

Roper

Hickey

1994

Hydrobiologia

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Populations of the freshwater mussel Hyridella menziesi were compared from six lakes and one river site along the Waikato River system, North Island, New Zealand. Estimated densities ranged from several hundred per square metre in Lake Taupo to less than one per square metre in Lake Karapiro. Lengthfrequencies were similar at all sites, with unimodal distributions and a notable absence of any individuals less than 20 mm long. The extent of shell erosion varied from sites where most mussels had less than 1% of the right valve affected (i.e., Ohakuri & Karapiro), to Lake Aratiatia where most shells had erosion over 1-20% of their surface. Taupo and Ohakuri mussels showed an unusually high incidence (over 50%) of internal shell abnormalities (including dulling, deformities and protuberances). Canonical discrimination based on shell length, height, width and weight clearly separated Taupo and Ohakuri mussels from all other sites, and ANCOVA on morphological characteristics confirmed significant differences between sites. Physical condition indices (based on dry flesh weight per shell weight and shell volume) showed an increasing downstream trend, but this was not significantly correlated with food availability (i.e., chlorophyll a concentration) because of unexpectedly low condition in lakes Ohakuri and Karapiro. Length v. age relationships contained considerable scatter and did not show between-site differences. Measured differences in external erosion, internal shell abnormalities and morphology were attributed to physical, chemical and biological factors. Use of mussels for environmental monitoring must take these 'background' differences into account.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population structure, shell morphology, age and condition of the freshwater mussel Hyridella menziesi (Unionacea: Hyriidae) from seven lake and river sites in the Waikato River system

Roper

Hickey

1994

Hydrobiologia

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“…Larvae and pupae were found attached to the surface of the gills near the labial palps of the mussel, and the host showed large areas of gill damage. Larvae of Xenochlronornus canterburyensis have been recorded between shell and mantle of Hyridella menziesi (Forsyth 1979), living as 'obligate inquilines'.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential disease-causing organisms associated with mantle cavity of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in northern New Zealand

Dinamani¹

1986

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Bimonthly samples of oysters Crassostrea gigas examined from June 1979 to June 1981, as part of a disease monitoring survey, showed the presence of several organisms within their mantle cavity, such as copepods, nematodes, ciliates and mudworms. A rnyicolid copepod and an alloeocoel turbellarian appear to be persistent and facultative invaders. A peculiar association is that of a chironornid insect larva whlch probably completes its developmental stages withn the oyster. f i stopathological examination reveals occasional swelling and disorganisation of the connective tissue and leucocyte infiltration around the oyster gut and the digestive diverticula, but these are considered to be histological anomahes, probably seasonal in character. The possible role of associated organisms in disease transmission and in contributing to stress is discussed.

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“…At least three freshwater chironomids ( Tonnoirocladius commensalis Cranston, Xenochironomus canterburyensis Forsyth and Eukiefferiella indet.) are commensals of Blepharaceridae larvae, freshwater mussels and mayfly nymphs, respectively (Forsyth ; Winterbourn ; Cranston ). Although commensalism is globally widespread in the Chironomidae, this life history trait is rare among New Zealand freshwater insects as a whole.…”

Section: The Evolution Of New Zealand Freshwater Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution ofNewZealand insects: summary and prospectus for future research

2014

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Knowledge on the evolution of the New Zealand insect fauna is reviewed and outstanding questions are highlighted. The New Zealand insect fauna is a composite of old and recent lineages and many spectacular examples of evolutionary processes are evident, including species radiations, hybridisation and unusual adaptations. We discuss the origins and evolution of four prominent communities within the insect fauna: terrestrial lowland insects, alpine insects, aquatic insects and insect communities from offshore islands. Within each of these communities, significant lineages are discussed, and in particular the crucial adaptations that enable these lineages to thrive and diversify. Glacial history has had a dramatic impact on the New Zealand insects, and the effects on different lineages are discussed. The New Zealand insects are unique, yet many are threatened with extinction, and efforts to preserve the fauna are reviewed. Despite the accumulating knowledge, major gaps still exist and these are outlined, as are opportunities to address key questions. The review concludes with a synthesis and a discussion of how systematics, new technologies and integrative approaches have the promise to improve dramatically our understanding of New Zealand insect evolution.

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Life stages and taxonomic affinities ofXenochironomus canterburyensis(Chironomidae: Diptera)

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Population structure, shell morphology, age and condition of the freshwater mussel Hyridella menziesi (Unionacea: Hyriidae) from seven lake and river sites in the Waikato River system

Population structure, shell morphology, age and condition of the freshwater mussel Hyridella menziesi (Unionacea: Hyriidae) from seven lake and river sites in the Waikato River system

Potential disease-causing organisms associated with mantle cavity of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in northern New Zealand

Evolution ofNewZealand insects: summary and prospectus for future research

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