Life-span changes in visually evoked potentials at central scalp

Dustman, Robert E.; Snyder, Edward W.

doi:10.1016/0197-4580(81)90039-7

Cited by 46 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In this study, the cues did not differentially benefit OAs with respect to either focal or distributed attention, which may reflect aspects of the assessment task itself: a simple target detection task with no distracting stimuli presented; thus, the cues were of limited value. This interpretation is consistent with previous work reporting accentuated aging effects in spatial attention with enhanced task difficulty (Kramer et al, 1995; Dustman & Snyder, 1981). Another reason for these discrepancies could be age-related response time biases.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Enhancing Spatial Attention and Working Memory in Younger and Older Adults

Rolle

Anguera

Skinner

et al. 2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Daily experiences demand both focused and broad allocation of attention for us to interact efficiently with our complex environments. Many types of attention have shown age-related decline, although there is also evidence that such deficits may be remediated with cognitive training. However, spatial attention abilities have shown inconsistent age-related differences, and the extent of potential enhancement of these abilities remains unknown. Here, we assessed spatial attention in both healthy younger and older adults and trained this ability in both age groups for 5 hr over the course of 2 weeks using a custom-made, computerized mobile training application. We compared training-related gains on a spatial attention assessment and spatial working memory task to age-matched controls who engaged in expectancy-matched, active placebo computerized training. Age-related declines in spatial attention abilities were observed regardless of task difficulty. Spatial attention training led to improved focused and distributed attention abilities as well as improved spatial working memory in both younger and older participants. No such improvements were observed in either of the age-matched control groups. Note that these findings were not a function of improvements in simple response time, as basic motoric function did not change after training. Furthermore, when using change in simple response time as a covariate, all findings remained significant. These results suggest that spatial attention training can lead to enhancements in spatial working memory regardless of age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Enhancing Spatial Attention and Working Memory in Younger and Older Adults

Rolle

Anguera

Skinner

et al. 2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…The basic circuitry of the sensory systems involves a series of interactive neuronal loops (both feedback and feedforward) between the thalamus — which plays a critical role in cortico-cortical communication and integration of sensory information (Sherman, 2005; Sherman and Guillery, 1996) — primary sensory regions, and multisensory cortical areas (e.g., STS) in order to effectively process sensory and higher-order information (Schroeder and Foxe, 2004). Research suggests that these loops are compromised with age, resulting in impaired information processing in the aging brain that has been attributed to various theoretical models such as dedifferentiation (Dustman and Snyder, 1981); compensatory reallocation (Cabeza, 2002; Cabeza et al , 2002); or neural compensation (Stern et al , 2005). Compensatory models of aging seem most appropriate here as they suggest that alternate brain networks are recruited to help older adults compensate for age-related differences (Stern et al , 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual–Somatosensory Integration is Linked to Physical Activity Level in Older Adults

2015

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Studies examining multisensory integration (MSI) in aging consistently demonstrate greater reaction time (RT) facilitation in old compared to young adults, but often fail to determine the utility of MSI. The aim of the current experiment was to further elucidate the utility of MSI in aging by determining its relationship to physical activity level. 147 non-demented older adults (mean age 77 years; 57% fe male) participated. Participants were instructed to make speeded responses to visual, somatosensory, and visual-somatosensory (VS) stimuli. Depending on the magnitude of the individuals' RT facilita tion, participants were classified into a MSI or NO MSI group. Physical activity was assessed using a validated physical activity scale. As predicted, RTs to VS stimuli were significantly shorter than those elicited to constituent unisensory conditions. Multisensory RT facilitation was a significant predictor of total number of physical activity days per month, with individuals in the NO MSI group reporting greater engagement in physical activities compared to those requiring greater RT facilitation.

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“…One is the presumption that effect size is homogenous across age groups. ERP data has demonstrated that sensory evoked potentials (for example, the visual evoked potential) are largest in infants and decrease in amplitude with maturity [10]; however, cognitive ERP components (for example, the P300) are smaller in children and increase with age [25]. From these studies, we know that these changes are non-linear and we can therefore presume that effect sizes in the MEG are also not homogeneous across age groups.…”

Section: Incorporating Age As An Independent Variable In Meg Analysesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Practical Aspects of Running Developmental Studies in the MEG

Pang

2011

Brain Topogr

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Developmental neuroimaging studies offer a unique opportunity to gain insight into the underpinnings of various cognitive functions by examining age-related changes in brain structure and function. There is an increasing body of neuroimaging literature discussing issues related to testing children in developmental studies [8]. These deal with fMRI developmental studies and discuss methods [31], data interpretation [40], and theoretical approaches [26]. There has not yet been an equivalent discussion for MEG developmental studies. This paper will address issues specific to data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation for MEG developmental studies.

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Life-span changes in visually evoked potentials at central scalp

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Enhancing Spatial Attention and Working Memory in Younger and Older Adults

Enhancing Spatial Attention and Working Memory in Younger and Older Adults

Visual–Somatosensory Integration is Linked to Physical Activity Level in Older Adults

Practical Aspects of Running Developmental Studies in the MEG

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