Life Jacket Usage and Effectiveness in Drowning Prevention

Abstract

Drowning is a critical public health concern, ranking third among unintentional injury-related global deaths. Vulnerable groups, notably children and non-swimmers, are disproportionately affected, with low- and middle-income countries bearing the highest brunt. Life jackets are pivotal in preventing drowning, offering buoyancy and safety during water activities. This review evaluates life jackets’ effectiveness, examining usage, efficacy, influencing factors and technological advances. The findings show that life jackets significantly reduce drowning risks. However, the user behaviour, environmental factors and regulations influence their effectiveness. Targeted interventions and educational programmes are essential, addressing demographic disparities and promoting affordability, accessibility and cultural acceptance. The review confirms life jacket’s effectiveness in drowning prevention. However, their impact depends on various factors, necessitating tailored interventions and education programmes.