Life in a warming ocean: thermal thresholds and metabolic balance of arctic zooplankton

Alcaraz, Miquel; Felipe, Jorge; Grote, Ulrike; Арашкевич, Е. Г.; Никишина, А. Б.

doi:10.1093/plankt/fbt111

Cited by 63 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…It is not always fair, however, to associate a particular u 0 value with a particular species over the full range of temperatures included. As discuss further, the temperature response of an individual species is often dome-shaped, a window of habitat tolerance (Møller et al, 2012;Alcaraz et al, 2014), whereas Coltrane 1.0 uses the monotonic, power-law response observable at the community level (Forster et al, 2011). C. finmarchicus, for example, is fit well by u 0 = 0.007 d −1 at higher temperatures (4-12 • C), whereas near 0 • C in Disko Bay, it has been observed to be considerably smaller than extrapolation along the u 0 = 0.007 d −1 power law would predict.…”

Section: Global Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Copepod Life Strategy and Population Viability in Response to Prey Timing and Temperature: Testing a New Model across Latitude, Time, and the Size Spectrum

et al. 2016

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A new model ("Coltrane": Copepod Life-history Traits and Adaptation to Novel Environments) describes environmental controls on copepod populations via (1) phenology and life history and (2) temperature and energy budgets in a unified framework. The model tracks a cohort of copepods spawned on a given date using a set of coupled equations for structural and reserve biomass, developmental stage, and survivorship, similar to many other individual-based models. It then analyzes a family of cases varying spawning date over the year to produce population-level results, and families of cases varying one or more traits to produce community-level results. In an idealized globalscale testbed, the model correctly predicts life strategies in large Calanus spp. ranging from multiple generations per year to multiple years per generation. In a Bering Sea testbed, the model replicates the dramatic variability in the abundance of Calanus glacialis/marshallae observed between warm and cold years of the 2000s, and indicates that prey phenology linked to sea ice is a more important driver than temperature per se. In a Disko Bay, West Greenland testbed, the model predicts the viability of a spectrum of large-copepod strategies from income breeders with a adult size ∼100 µgC reproducing once per year through capital breeders with an adult size >1000 µgC with a multiple-year life cycle. This spectrum corresponds closely to the observed life histories and physiology of local populations of Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, and Calanus hyperboreus. Together, these complementary initial experiments demonstrate that many patterns in copepod community composition and productivity can be predicted from only a few key constraints on the individual energy budget: the total energy available in a given environment per year; the energy and time required to build an adult body; the metabolic and predation penalties for taking too long to reproduce; and the size and temperature dependence of the vital rates involved.

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Section: Global Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Copepod Life Strategy and Population Viability in Response to Prey Timing and Temperature: Testing a New Model across Latitude, Time, and the Size Spectrum

et al. 2016

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“…This tendency also correlates with a decrease in the population size of krill, Euphausia superba, especially in the West Antarctic (Loeb et al 1997;Atkinson et al 2004;Lee et al 2010). The escala− tion of this process may destabilize the Antarctic food web to a considerable degree (McClintock et al 2008;Alcaraz et al 2014). Such a forecast is based on the low nu− tritional value of S. thompsoni, which is not sufficient to fulfil energetic require− ments of higher trophic levels (Dubishar et al 2006;Dubishar et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability of Salpa thompsoni population structure in the Drake Passage in summer season 2010

Słomska¹,

Panasiuk²,

Żmijewska³

et al. 2015

Polish Polar Research

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Dynamic climate changes have become noticeable in recent decades, especially in the vulnerable region of the West Antarctic. The relatively simple food web of this area relies on krill -Euphausia superba. Presumably, as a result of climatic fluctuations, a de− crease in the number of this crustacean has been recorded, followed by an increase in the population of the gelatinous zooplankter Salpa thompsoni. In the research presented herein, population and morphometric analyses of Salpa thompsoni have been conducted. Speci− mens for this research were collected from the Drake Passage, using a Bongo net in the sum− mer season of 2010. It has been found that the horizontal distribution of this gelatinous zooplankter was significantly irregular (Kruskal−Wallis test, p < 0.001). In the northern part of the investigated area, both blastozooids and oozooids were recorded, which confirms the dynamic development of this species. The central part of the Drake Passage was character− ized by the dominance of blastozooids, with embryos found at different stages of the devel− opment. Only in the region of the South Shetland Islands, the salpid population was charac− terized by reduced or even stopped reproduction. The immense reproductive efficiency ob− served in the Salpa thompsoni population was mostly induced by the favourable thermal conditions. These observations may suggest that the ongoing climat changes in the West Antarctic will promote the population expansion of this species.

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“…Overall, short-term tolerance and physiological survival have broader thermal limits than long-term successful species performance, which is controlled by the metabolic balance between energy gains and losses (from physiological homeostasis and basal metabolism to movement) (Alcaraz et al, 2014). Our results showed that Calanus finmarchicus from a mid-Atlantic population could adjust well to the wide temperature range, which the species can encounter, with physiological and molecular performance being weakly affected by the intensity and duration of temperature increase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…2 for synopsis). In both studies physiological response, assessed as fecal pellet production, showed a classic unimodal response in relation to temperature increase; with a constant increase in the process output until a critical thermal maximum was reached, after which there was a monotonic drop (reviewed in Alcaraz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced up-regulation of gene expression in response to elevated temperatures in the mid-Atlantic population of Calanus finmarchicus

Smolina

Harmer

Lindeque

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology

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Life in a warming ocean: thermal thresholds and metabolic balance of arctic zooplankton

Cited by 63 publications

References 61 publications

Copepod Life Strategy and Population Viability in Response to Prey Timing and Temperature: Testing a New Model across Latitude, Time, and the Size Spectrum

Copepod Life Strategy and Population Viability in Response to Prey Timing and Temperature: Testing a New Model across Latitude, Time, and the Size Spectrum

Variability of Salpa thompsoni population structure in the Drake Passage in summer season 2010

Reduced up-regulation of gene expression in response to elevated temperatures in the mid-Atlantic population of Calanus finmarchicus

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