Life-History Traits in Parasitic Nematodes: A Comparative Approach for the Search of Invariants

Morand, Serge

doi:10.2307/2389845

Cited by 103 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, the primary contribution of this comparative study is the establishment of different life cycles and life history strategies between snake and anuran lungworms, adding species of Rhabdias to the list of studies that have identified life cycle variation (see Introduction). These results strengthen suggestions that life cycle variation within closely related parasites is more common than initially thought (e.g., Morand and Poulin, 2003;Bolek andJanovy, 2007a, 2007b;Poulin, 2007;Bolek et al, 2009). It is clear that more studies are needed to determine how widespread life cycle variation is within, and among, parasite taxa, and to understand the role life cycle variation plays in parasite evolution.…”

Section: Initial Commentarysupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The disparity in egg production between worms infecting snakes and anurans is perplexing, especially considering free-living females from all species are similar in size, developmental period, and habitat, i.e., feces and soil. Given these similarities, we would expect free-living lungworms to produce similar numbers of offspring, according to maximum fecundity studies conducted by Morand (1996). However, Chu (1936) was unable to infect snake hosts with infective juveniles produced during heterogonic reproduction, leading Baker (1979) to suggest that indirect development may be vestigial in snake lungworms.…”

Section: Free-living Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative approaches in life cycle and life history research are useful in revealing life cycle variations between closely related parasites (Morand and Poulin, 2003;Lefebvre and Poulin, 2005;Poulin, 2007;Bolek et al, 2009). Using the comparative method, Snyder and Janovy (1994), Bolek andJanovy (2007a, 2007b;2008), and Bolek et al (2009) found that closely related parasites can and do use discrepant evolutionary avenues to complete their life cycles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Life Cycles and Life Histories of North American Rhabdias Spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae): Lungworms from Snakes and Anurans

Langford

Janovy

2009

Journal of Parasitology

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Section: Initial Commentarysupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Free-living Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative Life Cycles and Life Histories of North American Rhabdias Spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae): Lungworms from Snakes and Anurans

Langford

Janovy

2009

Journal of Parasitology

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“…The studies of Keymer et al (1991) and Skorping et al (1991) investigate the selective pressures driving the evolution of life-history traits of parasitic nematodes. Morand (1996b) investigated the evolution of life-history traits in free-living, plant, insect and vertebrate parasite nematodes. The allometries of lifehistory traits with body size were calculated, in particof pocket gophers and their associated chewing lice and in the case of primates and their pinworms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body size evolution of oxyurid (Nematoda) parasites: the role of hosts

et al. 1996

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Studying the diversification of body size in a taxon of parasites allows comparison of patterns of variation observed in the parasites with patterns found in free-living organisms. The distributions of body size of oxyurid nematodes (obligate parasites of vertebrates and invertebrates) are lognormally right-skewed, except for male oxyurids in invertebrates which show left-skewed distributions. In these parasitic forms, speciose genera do not have the smallest body sizes. Parasite body size is positively correlated with host body size, the largest hosts possessing the largest parasites. This trend is shown to occur within one monophyletic group of oxyurids, those of Old World primates. Comparative methods are used to take account of the effects of phylogeny. The use of multiple linear regression on distance matrices allows measurements of the contribution of phylogeny to the evolution of body size of parasites. Evolution of body size in female pinworms of Old World primates appears to be dependent only on the body size of their hosts. The tendency of parasite body size to increase with host body size is discussed in the light of the evolution of life-history traits.

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“…Values for the adult parasite mortality rate (α), and both parasitic and free-living adult female fecundity rates (λ andf, respectively), were obtained from the allometric relationships reported in Skorping et al (1991) and Morand (1996), based on parasitic and free-living adult female average body lengths of 4.8 and 0.8 mm respectively (Mackerras 1959).…”

Section: Parameter Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minimum specifications for transmissible transgenic biocontrol agents for brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) population eradication

Tompkins¹

2007

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

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I consider how two fundamental aspects of parasitology and population genetics-macroparasite aggregation among hosts and the HardyWeinberg principle-govern the theoretical impact of transgenic forms of a possum-specific nematode Parastrongyloides trichosuri, that cause female infertility, on brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) populations. Assuming chromosomal inheritance of transgenes, the conditions under which transgenic P. trichosuri would be an efficacious tool for eradication are predicted to be severely limited, given the level of aggregation with which this parasite occurs naturally in its host. These limits indicate that a transgenic form of P. trichosuri, containing a chromosomally-inherited female infertility transgene, would need to cause near total infertility in all host females infected with a single such parasite, for eradication to be realistically possible. Relatively greater effort is predicted necessary to achieve thresholds for eradication when transgenic nematodes are introduced to hosts already infected by the parasite compared with populations free of the parasite. Under such circumstances, the predicted effort required is reduced if transgenes are dominant as opposed to recessive, and introduced in homozygous as opposed to heterozygous form.

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Life-History Traits in Parasitic Nematodes: A Comparative Approach for the Search of Invariants

Cited by 103 publications

References 24 publications

Comparative Life Cycles and Life Histories of North American Rhabdias Spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae): Lungworms from Snakes and Anurans

Comparative Life Cycles and Life Histories of North American Rhabdias Spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae): Lungworms from Snakes and Anurans

Body size evolution of oxyurid (Nematoda) parasites: the role of hosts

Minimum specifications for transmissible transgenic biocontrol agents for brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) population eradication

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