Life History Traits Conferring Larval Resistance against Ocean Acidification: The Case of Brooding Oysters of the Genus Ostrea

Gray, Matthew W.; Chaparro, Óscar R.; Huebert, Klaus B.; O’Neill, Sean; Couture, Tania; Moreira, A. H.; Brady, Damian C.

doi:10.2983/035.038.0326

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Volitionally spawned gamete quality and fertilization rates could vary between the natural vs. artificial settings to influence larval viability and expression of parental carryover effects. Larval brooding may also be a mechanism by which sensitive larvae are acclimatized to stressors, as the O. lurida brood chamber pH and dissolved oxygen can be significantly lower than the surrounding environment (Gray et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Spencer

Venkataraman

Crim

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Predicting how populations will respond to ocean change across generations is critical to effective conservation of marine species. One emerging factor is the influence of parental exposures on offspring phenotype, known as intergenerational carryover effects. Parental exposure may deliver beneficial or detrimental characteristics to offspring that can influence larval recruitment patterns, thus shaping how populations and community structure respond to ocean change. Impacts of adult exposure to elevated winter temperature and pCO2 on reproduction and offspring viability were examined in the Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida) using three populations of adult, hatchery‐reared O. lurida, plus an additional cohort spawned from one of the populations. Oysters were sequentially exposed to elevated temperature (+4°C, at 10°C), followed by elevated pCO2 (+2,204 μatm, at 3,045 μatm) during winter months. Male gametes were more developed after elevated temperature exposure and less developed after high pCO2 exposure, but there was no impact on female gametes or sex ratios. Oysters previously exposed to elevated winter temperature released larvae earlier, regardless of pCO2 exposure. Those exposed to elevated winter temperature as a sole treatment released more larvae on a daily basis but, when also exposed to high pCO2, there was no effect. These combined results indicate that elevated winter temperature accelerates O. lurida spermatogenesis, resulting in earlier larval release and increased production, with elevated pCO2 exposure negating effects of elevated temperature. Altered recruitment patterns may therefore follow warmer winters due to precocious spawning, but these effects may be masked by coincidental high pCO2. Offspring were reared in common conditions for 1 yr, then deployed for 3 months in four estuarine bays with distinct environmental conditions. Offspring of parents exposed to elevated pCO2 had higher survival rates in two of the four bays. This carryover effect demonstrates that parental conditions can have substantial ecologically relevant impacts that should be considered when predicting impacts of environmental change. Furthermore, Olympia oysters may be more resilient in certain environments when progenitors are pre‐conditioned in stressful conditions. Combined with other recent studies, our work suggests that the Olympia may be more equipped than other oysters for the challenge of a changing ocean.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Spencer

Venkataraman

Crim

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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“…The Antarctic urchin Sterechinus neumayeri showed no differences in growth of reproductive tissue (Morley et al, 2016), or larval skeletal development (Clark et al, 2009) after exposure to ocean acidification and increased temperature, but a significant decrease in fertilization, developmental success, and increased developmental aberrations in alternative experiments have been recorded (Ericson et al, 2012;Byrne et al, 2013b). Larval type is also considered important, and planktotrophic larvae which are reliant on pelagic food are considered to be more susceptible than direct developing or non-feeding lecithotrophic larvae (Gutowska and Melzner, 2009;Dupont et al, 2010c;Gray et al, 2019). Consequently, biogeographical variations in larval responses to environmental change are likely to follow global and regional patterns of dominant larval types (Marshall et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invariant Gametogenic Response of Dominant Infaunal Bivalves From the Arctic Under Ambient and Near-Future Climate Change Conditions

et al. 2021

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Arctic marine ecosystems are undergoing a series of major rapid adjustments to the regional amplification of climate change, but there is a paucity of knowledge about how changing environmental conditions might affect reproductive cycles of seafloor organisms. Shifts in species reproductive ecology may influence their entire life-cycle, and, ultimately, determine the persistence and distribution of taxa. Here, we investigate whether the combined effects of warming and ocean acidification based on near-future climate change projections affects the reproductive processes in benthic bivalves (Astarte crenata and Bathyarca glacialis) from the Barents Sea. Both species present large oocytes indicative of lecithotrophic or direct larval development after ∼4 months exposure to ambient [<2°C, ∼400 ppm (CO2)] and near-future [3–5°C, ∼550 ppm (CO2)] conditions, but we find no evidence that the combined effects of acidification and warming affect the size frequency distribution of oocytes. Whilst our observations are indicative of resilience of this reproductive stage to global changes, we also highlight that the successful progression of gametogenesis under standard laboratory conditions does not necessarily mean that successful development and recruitment will occur in the natural environment. This is because the metabolic costs of changing environmental conditions are likely to be offset by, as is common practice in laboratory experiments, feeding ad libitum. We discuss our findings in the context of changing food availability in the Arctic and conclude that, if we are to establish the vulnerability of species and ecosystems, there is a need for holistic approaches that incorporate multiple system responses to change.

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“…There is growing evidence that O. lurida is more equipped than other bivalves to handle shifting ocean conditions (Waldbusser et al 2016; Gray et al 2019; Lawlor & Arellano 2020; Spencer et al 2020). While we recognize the limitations of our hatchery-based experimental design in predicting how wild O. lurida will respond to ocean warming, our findings do suggest that O. lurida reproduction and larval viability are, at the least, not highly sensitive to winter warming, and at best may benefit from it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latent effects of winter warming on Olympia oyster reproduction and larval viability

Crim

Horkan

Roberts

et al. 2020

Preprint

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For marine invertebrates that live in temperate regions, reproductive processes are tightly linked to seasonal temperature changes, yet we know little about how reproduction will shift as winters become milder. This study examined effects of winter temperature on spring reproduction in the Olympia oyster, Ostrea lurida . Adults were exposed to two winter temperatures (7°C, 10°C) in the presence of two feeding regimes, high (50k cells/mL) and low (5k cells/mL) algal density, for either 7 weeks or 12 weeks. Following treatments, adults were induced to spawn in common conditions using hatchery techniques, and larvae were reared through settlement to assess viability. Adults overwintered in elevated temperature contained larger oocytes, and those also held in elevated algal density contained more developed sperm. Elevated temperature (10°C) under both feeding regimes resulted in larvae that tended to be larger upon release from the maternal brood chamber. However, winter temperature did not impact fecundity, larval release timing, or larval viability, nor was larval viability related to larval size upon release. In the wild, more developed gametes and larger larvae following milder winters could greatly impact recruitment patterns. When larvae are reared in the hatchery, however, elevated winter temperature will not likely impact larval viability or yield. Interestingly, overwintering duration greatly impacted broodstock survival and larval production. Regardless of winter temperature or feeding rate, broodstock overwintered in the hatchery for 12 weeks produced fewer larvae and had higher mortality during spawning compared to those held for only 7 weeks. Furthermore, broodstock overwintered in the low temperature treatment (7°C) with high algal density (50k cells/mL) experienced high mortality during spawning. Broodstock mortality is disadvantageous for hatcheries, can hinder larval production, and decrease genetic diversity of offspring. We therefore recommend that hatcheries overwinter O. lurida broodstock in slightly warmer temperatures and minimize the amount of time they are held in captivity prior to spawning. Finally, because algal density during winter treatments did not impact broodstock survival or spring larval production, hatcheries may restrict feeding without impacting production, given broodstock are in good condition upon collection.Highlights of the manuscript 1. Milder winters may result in more developed O. lurida sperm, larger oocytes, and larger larvae, but will not likely impact larval production timing or magnitude, indicating that O. lurida reproduction is relatively resilient to shifting winter temperatures. 2. In a hatchery setting, O. lurida larval size upon release does not predict larval survival, and hatcheries should not presume that smaller O. lurida larvae are of poor quality. 3. When overwintering Ostrea lurida broodstock in the hatchery prior to spring production, chilling seawater to historic winter temperatures is not necessary, nor is feeding broodstock high algal densities, and...

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Life History Traits Conferring Larval Resistance against Ocean Acidification: The Case of Brooding Oysters of the Genus Ostrea

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 19 publications

References 85 publications

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Invariant Gametogenic Response of Dominant Infaunal Bivalves From the Arctic Under Ambient and Near-Future Climate Change Conditions

Latent effects of winter warming on Olympia oyster reproduction and larval viability

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Life History Traits Conferring Larval Resistance against Ocean Acidification: The Case of Brooding Oysters of the Genus Ostrea

Abstract: BioOne Complete (complete.BioOne.org) is a full-text database of 200 subscribed and open-access titles in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses.

Cited by 19 publications

References 85 publications

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO2 across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO2 across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Invariant Gametogenic Response of Dominant Infaunal Bivalves From the Arctic Under Ambient and Near-Future Climate Change Conditions

Latent effects of winter warming on Olympia oyster reproduction and larval viability

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations

Carryover effects of temperature and pCO₂ across multiple Olympia oyster populations