Life-History Responses to the Altitudinal Gradient

Laiolo, Paola; Obeso, José Ramón

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55982-7_11

Cited by 48 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 198 publications

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“…, ; Peters et al . ; Laiolo & Obeso ). The scaled values of functional traits served to calculate Gower dissimilarities among species and an index of functional diversity per plot and per band: the standardised effect size of mean pairwise functional dissimilarity among species (mean FD α and FD γ ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We centred on variation in species richness within communities (spatial scale of a few hundred metres) and regional species pools (spatial scale of a few hundred kilometres) in bumblebees, grasshoppers and birds, which were extensively surveyed from the seacoast to mountaintops. With the same approach, we addressed the diversity of traits that condense crucial biological information of animal communities, such as resource use patterns, dominance and population dynamics, and that reflect the variety of organismal adaptive strategies along elevation (Grime & Pierce ; Laiolo & Obeso ). We analysed the influence of environmental, spatial and evolutionary drivers on elevation clines of species richness and functional diversity, testing predictions of the major hypotheses of diversity variation: sampling effects from local and regional pools, mid‐domain effect and species richness–area, –isolation, –heterogeneity, –climate, –speciation, –plant diversity relationships (Table ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecological and evolutionary drivers of the elevational gradient of diversity

2018

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Ecological, evolutionary, spatial and neutral theories make distinct predictions and provide distinct explanations for the mechanisms that control the relationship between diversity and the environment. Here, we test predictions of the elevational diversity gradient focusing on Iberian bumblebees, grasshoppers and birds. Processes mediated by local abundance and regional diversity concur in explaining local diversity patterns along elevation. Effects expressed through variation in abundance were similar among taxa and point to the overriding role of a physical factor, temperature. This determines how energy is distributed among individuals and ultimately how the resulting pattern of abundance affects species incidence. Effects expressed through variation in regional species pools depended instead on taxon-specific evolutionary history, and lead to diverging responses under similar environmental pressures. Local filters and regional variation also explain functional diversity gradients, in line with results from species richness that indicate an (local) ecological and (regional) historical unfolding of diversity-elevation relationships.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and evolutionary drivers of the elevational gradient of diversity

2018

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“…Orthopterans represent also an ideal model to address sexual selection issues (Greenfield, ; Robinson & Hall, ), since female uses male song and morphology both for species recognition and selection between conspecific males (Klappert & Reinhold, ; Saldamando et al., ). Moreover, grasshopper body size is strongly influenced by climate, and gene–environment covariation in development has been observed along climate gradients (Laiolo, Illera, & Obeso, ; Laiolo & Obeso, ; Laiolo & Obeso, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of geography, climate and sexual selection in driving divergence among insect populations on mountaintops

Pato

Illera

Obeso

et al. 2019

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Analysing the drivers of intraspecific variation and how reproductive barriers arise is an essential step to infer the mechanisms of biogeographic differentiation. In populations of a specialized alpine species, we explore the role of geography and climate in the divergence of genetic, morphological and acoustic characters, and analyse the functional consequences of variation on mate choice. Taxon Chorthippus cazurroi (Orthoptera: Caelifera, Acrididae, Gomphocerinae). Location The entire distribution of the species (23 populations from six massifs of the Cantabrian Mountains, NW Spain). Methods First, we analysed the extent of intraspecific spatial divergence and the covariation among climatic niche, genetic (mtDNA), acoustic (song structure) and morphological (body size) traits. Then, we analysed the consequences of phenotypic variation by means of a crossing experiment among populations from different elevations. This served to test for differences in sexual selection among body size‐divergent populations and for the relationship between male traits, female preference and reproduction. Results Genetic, morphologic and acoustic divergence increased with geographic distance. Female morphology was also affected by climate variation, while male one tightly covaried with the song differentiation. Females more closely approached males investing more time in song activities, but weakly responded to the rest of acoustic features and morphological variation. They also distanced themselves slightly more from males from different populations, although this behaviour did not lead to clear differences in reproductive parameters. Main conclusions The process of colonization of mountain massifs has led to significant genetic and phenotypic changes in C. cazurroi. Phenotypic divergence does not constitute a strong intrinsic barrier to reproduction and is largely unpaired from female preference, overall suggesting that sexual selection is a minor actor in the process of differentiation as compared, for instance, to drift. This does not exclude that traits associated with individual condition are under strong selection and, therefore, do not vary so extensively. This study dismisses the idea that alpine specialists with narrow distributions lack genetic and phenotypic variability, and highlights the importance of synthesizing biogeographic and experimental approaches to obtain stronger and deeper inferences about the dynamics and mechanisms of biological differentiation.

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“…The background changes in environmental parameters associated with elevation gradients are likely key in the evolution of life history strategies (Boyle et al. , Laiolo and Obeso ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distributions and environmental relationships of two species complexes of freshwater atyid shrimps

2018

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Citation: Yasser, A. G., F. Sheldon, and J. M. Hughes. 2018. Spatial distributions and environmental relationships of two species complexes of freshwater atyid shrimps. Ecosphere 9(8):Abstract. Knowledge of cryptic species distributions and their relationships with environmental factors may be extremely valuable for biodiversity conservation. In freshwater ecosystems, morphologically cryptic species often have different geographic distributions that can overlap to varying extents. The importance of differential species responses to environmental conditions in determining their spatial distributions is, however, unclear. Here, we evaluated the importance of species responses to environmental drivers, in particular the physicochemical factors, in the spatial distributions and environmental relationships of two shrimp species complexes Caridina indistincta Calman, 1926 and Paratya australiensis Kemp, 1917. We analyzed shrimp specimens from 89 sites in 17 catchments across South-East Queensland by sequencing a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) to identify individuals. Furthermore, although there is evidence that morphologically the cryptic species of these shrimps differ very little, we made detailed morphological assessments to combine with molecular data, hoping to be able to distinguish among the species more easily and cheaply for future studies. There were significant morphological differences among the three cryptic species of the C. indistincta species complex, specifically in carapace length (cl), number of dorsal teeth (nDt), number of ventral teeth (nVt), teeth posterior to orbital margin (TPOM), and the calculated ratios A/rl, and rl/cl, while the two lineages of the P. australiensis species complex differed in the number of dorsal teeth (nDt) and the calculated ratios of A/rl, rl/cl, and rh/ch. To determine the importance of species responses in explaining the spatial distribution of cryptic species based on the species-variables relationships, a redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to summarize these relationships. This ordination analysis showed distinct differences among cryptic species in their correlation with water quality variables and elevation. C. indistincta sp. B and C. indistincta sp. D were significantly associated with elevation and dissolved oxygen range, respectively. As well, P. australiensis lineages 4 and 6 were significantly correlated with elevation and conductivity, respectively. Overall, our results demonstrated the advantage of using analyses of biotic and abiotic variables as a valid approach for defining species responses to abiotic factors in cryptic species of atyid freshwater shrimps.

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Life-History Responses to the Altitudinal Gradient

Cited by 48 publications

References 198 publications

Ecological and evolutionary drivers of the elevational gradient of diversity

Ecological and evolutionary drivers of the elevational gradient of diversity

The roles of geography, climate and sexual selection in driving divergence among insect populations on mountaintops

Spatial distributions and environmental relationships of two species complexes of freshwater atyid shrimps

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