Life‐history responses of British grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to temperature change

Willott, S. J.; Hassall, Mark

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2435.1998.00180.x

Cited by 160 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The Caelifera C. biguttulus and M. maculatus were most abundant in grey dunes. Both species are heat-loving and require open and warm oviposition sites (Detzel, 1998) and M. maculatus, especially, prefers habitats with little vegetation (Detzel, 1998;Willot & Hassall, 1998). Both species were also recorded in dwarf-shrub heath (HN, HF), but only in small numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of habitat mosaics for Orthoptera (Caelifera and Ensifera) in dry heathlands

Schirmel¹,

Blindow²,

Fartmann³

2010

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of habitat mosaics for Orthoptera (Caelifera and Ensifera) in dry heathlands

Schirmel¹,

Blindow²,

Fartmann³

2010

Eur. J. Entomol.

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“…D. vittatus, although having larger females than males and exhibiting stronger SSD than D. pratensis, shows β <1.00. D. pra- A recent study (Teder & Tammaru 2005) examined the extent and direction of SSD and its conforming to Rensch's rule in 158 insect species comprising all the major orders, including six orthopterans, five of them acridoids (Walton 1980, Lewis 1984, Sword & Chapman 1994, Willott & Hassall 1998. Eighty-two percent of these showed female-biased SSD and 70% of them followed Rensch's rule (including the four acridoid species considered in the definitive analyses); 30% followed its converse according to the criteria defined by the authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size-Dependent Selection on Arrival Times in Sticklebacks: Why Small Males Arrive First

Candolin

Voigt

2003

Evolution

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Studies on arrival time to breeding areas show that high‐quality males usually arrive first and gain the highest reproductive success. This is generally assumed to be due to phenotype‐dependent costs and benefits of early arrival. We show that the opposite arrival order can occur, probably due to selection on poor‐quality males to increase their chances of reproduction. In a fish species, the threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, small males arrived before larger males at the breeding grounds. Early arrival was costly because predation risk was at its highest at the start of the season and early territory establishment was selected against, as demonstrated by selection coefficients for territory maintenance and hatching success. Large males probably postponed arrival until females were available to decrease predation risk costs and increase offspring production. An experimental study showed that a delay in arrival of large males does not decrease their probability of reproduction, because large males are able to take over nest sites from small males. Small males, on the other hand, are less likely to establish territories in competition with large males but can pay the costs of early arrival in exchange for the benefit of access to territories. Thus, whereas natural selection favors later arrival, sexual selection through competition for breeding territories favors early arrival in small, competitively inferior males. This results in the benefits of early arrival depending on the competitive ability of the male, which favors size‐dependent optimal arrival times.

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“…Grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Fig. 3), along with several butterfly species (Lepidoptera), are known exceptions to the TSR (1,5,20); they show an increase in size with increasing temperature in Fig. 1, and typically are heliothermic.…”

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confidence: 99%

Warming-induced reductions in body size are greater in aquatic than terrestrial species

Forster

Hirst

Atkinson

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

397

450

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Most ectothermic organisms mature at smaller body sizes when reared in warmer conditions. This phenotypically plastic response, known as the "temperature-size rule" (TSR), is one of the most taxonomically widespread patterns in biology. However, the TSR remains a longstanding life-history puzzle for which no dominant driver has been found. We propose that oxygen supply plays a central role in explaining the magnitude of ectothermic temperature-size responses. Given the much lower oxygen availability and greater effort required to increase uptake in water vs. air, we predict that the TSR in aquatic organisms, especially larger species with lower surface area-body mass ratios, will be stronger than in terrestrial organisms. We performed a meta-analysis of 1,890 body mass responses to temperature in controlled experiments on 169 terrestrial, freshwater, and marine species. This reveals that the strength of the temperature-size response is greater in aquatic than terrestrial species. In animal species of ∼100 mg dry mass, the temperature-size response of aquatic organisms is 10 times greater than in terrestrial organisms (−5.0%°C −1 vs.). Moreover, although the size response of small (<0.1 mg dry mass) aquatic and terrestrial species is similar, increases in species size cause the response to become increasingly negative in aquatic species, as predicted, but on average less negative in terrestrial species. These results support oxygen as a major driver of temperaturesize responses in aquatic organisms. Further, the environment-dependent differences parallel latitudinal body size clines, and will influence predicted impacts of climate warming on food production, community structure, and food-web dynamics.physiology | aerobic scope | scaling | plasticity E ctothermic organisms, which comprise over 99% of species, usually mature at a smaller body size when reared in warmer conditions (1-3). This response, called the "temperature-size rule" (TSR) (1, 2), is one of the most widespread patterns in biology (4, 5) and is found in organisms as diverse as bacteria, protists, invertebrates, plants, and ectothermic vertebrates (1, 6). The TSR contributes to reduced crop yields in warm years (7), and accords with the recently described ecological response of declining body size associated with global warming (8, 9). Despite the widespread importance of both temperature and body size in ecosystem functioning (10), the effect of temperature on organism size remains poorly understood (5), with no dominant driver having been identified (4, 5, 11).To reveal the major influences on temperature-size responses across the whole of the ectotherms, analysis of the quantitative variation in body size responses among all taxa and environments is required. So far, many size-and temperature-dependent influences on growth, reproduction, and survival have been proposed to explain the variation in size responses to temperature, but no dominant cause or mechanism has been confirmed (1-6). No systematic differences in the strength of the TSR, for e...

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Life‐history responses of British grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) to temperature change

Cited by 160 publications

References 34 publications

The importance of habitat mosaics for Orthoptera (Caelifera and Ensifera) in dry heathlands

The importance of habitat mosaics for Orthoptera (Caelifera and Ensifera) in dry heathlands

Size-Dependent Selection on Arrival Times in Sticklebacks: Why Small Males Arrive First

Warming-induced reductions in body size are greater in aquatic than terrestrial species

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