Life History and Rearing of <i>Anastatus orientalis</i> (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), an Egg Parasitoid of the Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

Broadley, Hannah J.; Gould, Juli R.; Sullivan, Liam; Wang, Xiaoyi; Hoelmer, Kim A.; Hickin, Mauri; Elkinton, Joseph S.

doi:10.1093/ee/nvaa124

Cited by 19 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Similarly, there was no significant difference in offspring emergence in A. bifasciatus parasitizing H. halys eggs stored in a −80 • C freezer for up to 24 months [9]. Broadley et al [11] reported that field-collected spotted lanternfly eggs stored at 5 • C for 10 months did not affect the progeny production, parasitism rate, and female ratio of A. orientalis. Similar results were reported by Alim and Lim [22,23] with eggs of Riptortus pedestris Fabricius stored at 2 • C for parasitism by Gryon japonicum Ashmead, and Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii and by Peverieri et al [36] with eggs of Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann stored at 4 • C for parasitism by Gryon pennsylvanicum Ashmead.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Several studies on Anastatus spp. have mentioned cold storage of host eggs and its possible effect on Anastatus fitness, but the most effective methods for host egg storage have not been reported [7,9,11,12]. Parasitoids reared on refrigerated eggs may have reduced fitness, because long-term cold storage of host eggs can decrease their quality [10,[12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…occurred when they were reared on A. pernyi eggs that were stored at 4 • C for 20 days [12]. A study of Anastatus bifasciatus Geoffroy and Anastatus orientalis Yang Choi showed that cold storage of host eggs did not affect their fitness [9,11]. Thus, the fitness of parasitoids can be affected by various factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Cold Storage on Host Antheraea pernyi Egg Quality for the Egg Parasitoid Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang

Zhao

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Insects

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Chinese silkworm (Antheraea pernyi) eggs are used as factitious hosts of Anastatus fulloi, and refrigeration of these eggs is essential for large-scale rearing of A. fulloi. We studied the effects of cold storage of A. pernyi eggs on egg quality and the fitness of A. fulloi reared on the eggs. Four cold storage treatments and two cold storage periods were assessed. The 0–3 °C refrigerator treatment was unsuitable for long-term (>70 days) storage. Cold storage at −5 °C and −18 °C increased the loss rate of A. pernyi eggs, but there was no significant difference between the control and 0–3 °C water bath treatment. The parasitism rate of A. fulloi was reduced when A. pernyi eggs were refrigerated for 6 or 12 months. There were no obvious differences in eclosion rate and percentage of females between control and eggs subjected to 6-month storage in 0–3 °C, −5 °C, and −18 °C water bath treatments. However, the eclosion rate and percentage of females decreased sharply when the storage period was 12 months. The overall eclosion rate of A. fulloi was reduced at the prolonged refrigeration time. Cold storage reduced host egg quality and their fitness suitability for A. fulloi. To minimize losses in the large-scale rearing of A. fulloi, A. pernyi eggs should be refrigerated in a 0–3 °C or −5 °C water bath treatment, and the storage period should not exceed 6 months.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Cold Storage on Host Antheraea pernyi Egg Quality for the Egg Parasitoid Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang

Zhao

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Insects

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“…Moreover, the carrier of sperm may be lost in the maternal line. The more significant the toxicity of indoxacarb is, the greater the carrier loss and the number of fertilized eggs decreased [ 37 ]. Therefore, the ratio of female offspring decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of Chemical Insecticides to Tetrastichus howardi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Pupal Parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Using Three Exposure Routes

Liu

Lyu

et al. 2022

Insects

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Spodoptera frugiperda has become a major pest in many crops worldwide. The main control strategies are biological and chemical controls. However, pesticides have varying degrees of toxicity to parasitic wasps in the field. To integrate chemical and biological controls, we evaluated the safety of insecticides to Tetrastichus howardi, an important pupal parasitoid of S. frugiperda. This study assessed the toxicity of six major control insecticides (emamectin benzoate, chlorfenapyr, indoxacarb, chlorantraniliprole, bisultap, and lufenuron) to T. howardi based on risk quotient. The results showed that indoxacarb had the lowest risk quotient (RQ = 7.43). Then the side effects of three sublethal concentrations (LC20, LC30, LC40) of indoxacarb were tested using three methods (1. Adult exposure to pesticide residues on the glass tube; 2. Adult exposure to pesticide residues on the host; 3. Larval exposure to pesticides through host exposure). Overall, T. howardi had a lower parasitism rate and emergence rate with the higher pesticide concentrations. Furthermore, among three methods, the adult exposure to pesticide residues on the glass tube was the most efficient in inhibiting the parasitism rate, and impairing the emergence rate and the offspring female/male ratio. This study guides a more scientific and comprehensive application of pesticides and releases natural enemies in the field.

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“…Accordingly, the proactive biological control program underway in California targeting L. delicatula has focused research efforts on A. orientalis. Broadley et al (18) investigated aspects of the biology and rearing of A. orientalis. One finding from this study was that the number and sex ratio of progeny produced and parasitism rates of A. orientalis per L. delicatula egg mass did not differ between newly collected eggs vs. eggs stored at 5°C for up to 10 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Freezing Lycorma delicatula Egg Masses on Nymph Emergence and Parasitization by Anastatus orientalis

Gómez-Marco

Hoddle²

2022

Front. Insect Sci.

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Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), native to China, was first detected in Pennsylvania, U.S. in 2014. This polyphagous pest can feed on over 70 plant species including agricultural crops, like grapes, that have high economic value. Anastatus orientalis Yang and Choi (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) is an egg parasitoid associated with L. delicatula egg masses in China that is being evaluated for possible introduction into the U.S. for classical biological control of L. delicatula. In support of this program, the suitability of frozen L. delicatula eggs for parasitization by A. orientalis was evaluated in a quarantine laboratory. Host egg masses held for four different cold storage periods (5°C for <1, 4, 8 and 11 months) were frozen at -40°C for 1 hour or 24 hours and exposed to female A. orientalis for parasitization for seven days. Following this experimental exposure period, rates of L. delicatula nymph emergence and A. orientalis parasitism were assessed for each of the eight different cold storage treatments. Host acceptance and suitability of frozen L. delicatula eggs by A. orientalis was assessed in terms of percentage parasitism, offspring sex ratio, and hind tibia length of emerged parasitoids. Results indicated that L. delicatula nymphs failed to emerge from eggs that were exposed to -40°C for 1 hour and 24 hours and A. orientalis could successfully parasitize L. delicatula eggs regardless of cold storage and freezing treatment. These results add a new tool for long term maintenance of L. delicatula egg masses and rearing methods for egg parasitoids of this pest. Additionally, it may be possible to field deploy sentinel eggs of L. delicatula frozen at -40°C to survey for resident natural enemy species capable of parasitizing eggs of this pest in advance of anticipated L. delicatula invasions into new areas.

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Life History and Rearing of Anastatus orientalis (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), an Egg Parasitoid of the Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae)

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of Cold Storage on Host Antheraea pernyi Egg Quality for the Egg Parasitoid Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang

Effects of Cold Storage on Host Antheraea pernyi Egg Quality for the Egg Parasitoid Anastatus fulloi Sheng and Wang

Safety Evaluation of Chemical Insecticides to Tetrastichus howardi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Pupal Parasitoid of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Using Three Exposure Routes

Effects of Freezing Lycorma delicatula Egg Masses on Nymph Emergence and Parasitization by Anastatus orientalis

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