Life History and Courtship Behavior of Black Perch, Embiotoca jacksoni (Teleostomi: Embiotocidae), from Southern California

Froeschke, Bridgette F.; Allen, Larry G.; Pondella, Daniel J.

doi:10.2984/1534-6188(2007)61[521:lhacbo]2.0.co;2

Cited by 17 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In E . jacksoni , females appear to exercise the primary selection of mates, because males perform courtship rituals within the full view of many females and the females then choose particular mates (Froeschke et al 2007). Thus, “convenience polyandry” (Thornhill and Alcock 1983), which is an explanation for species where multiple mating incurs costs to females without obvious benefits, seems not to be a reasonable explanation for the high degree of multiple paternity in surfperches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High degree of multiple paternity in the viviparous Shiner Perch, Cymatogaster aggregata, a fish with long-term female sperm storage

Liu

Avise

2011

Mar Biol

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The Shiner Perch (Cymatogaster aggregata Gibbons) exhibits a viviparous reproductive mode and long-term female sperm storage, two biological features that may predispose this fish species for both intense sperm competition and frequent multiple paternity within broods. To test these hypotheses, we used polymorphic microsatellite markers to identify sires and quantify paternal contributions to the progeny arrays of 27 pregnant females from a natural population of C. aggregata. The number of sires per brood ranged from one to eight (mean 4.6), typically with skewed distributions of fertilization success by the fathers but no correlation between sire number and brood size. The extraordinarily high incidences of multiple paternity in this species probably are due in part to high rates of mate encounter, but selection pressures related to the avoidance of maternal–fetal incompatibility may further have promoted the evolution of polyandrous mating behaviors in this female-pregnant species. Our genetic data are consistent with the hypothesis that viviparity, long-term sperm storage, and extreme polyandry are interrelated reproductive phenomena that should promote the evolution of post-copulatory sperm competition and/or cryptic female choice in these fishes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High degree of multiple paternity in the viviparous Shiner Perch, Cymatogaster aggregata, a fish with long-term female sperm storage

Liu

Avise

2011

Mar Biol

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“…We did not observe any courtship activity during late September and early October, though Froeschke et al . () recorded courtship as early as July at another site with typically cooler water. We assume that the behaviours observed during our study were generally representative of the mating season and outside of it, though observations during other months would be needed to verify that.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…During the mating season (late October – late November) the size classes were adjusted up slightly to compensate for growth between the two time periods and were 5–12, 13–16 and > 16 cm L T . These size classes correspond approximately to juveniles, young adults and older adults (Froeschke et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of size and sex on the courting success and foraging behaviour ofEmbiotoca jacksoni

Satterfield

Steele

2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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To test life‐history theory that body size and sex should influence how animals allocate time to foraging versus reproductive activities, we measured the effects of size and sex on courting success and foraging behaviour of black surfperch Embiotoca jacksoni off Santa Catalina Island, southern California. Observations of focal fish were made while snorkelling, during which the length of each fish (estimated to the nearest cm), total duration of courting encounters and foraging rates were recorded. We made observations during and outside the mating season. Courtship occurred only between pairs and its duration increased with the size of both the male and female. Although males would court females that were smaller or larger than themselves, pairs that were closely matched in size had long courting sessions, whereas those that differed considerably in size courted only briefly. Small fish foraged more than larger fish, both during and outside the mating season. Males and females foraged at similar rates outside of the mating season, but during the mating season males reduced their foraging rates to less than half that seen outside of the mating season, whereas females continued to forage at the same rate. This decrease in foraging rate of males during the mating season was seen in all sizes of males but was proportionally greatest in the largest males. These observations indicate that males trade off time spent on foraging for time spent courting during the mating season, whereas females do not.

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“…(b) Time-series data Data on age-specific abundance of black surfperch, the amount of foraging habitat and the availability of their food were collected at 11 sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island, CA, annually in autumn (when fish copulate [31]), intermittently from 1982 to 1992 and annually from 1993 to 2008. At each site, three fixed 40 m transects at 3, 6 and 9 m depth contours (the typical depth range) were surveyed annually for black surfperch (in a 40 Â 2 m swath), their foraging habitat and principal food using SCUBA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuations in food supply drive recruitment variation in a marine fish

et al. 2012

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Reproductive rates and survival of young in animal populations figure centrally in generating management and conservation strategies. Model systems suggest that food supply can drive these often highly variable properties, yet for many wild species, quantifying such effects and assessing their implications have been challenging. We used spatially explicit time series of a well-studied marine reef fish (black surfperch Embiotoca jacksoni ) and its known prey resources to evaluate the extent to which fluctuations in food supply influenced production of young by adults and survival of young to subadulthood. Our analyses reveal: (i) variable food available to both adults and to their offspring directly produced an order of magnitude variation in the number of young-of-year (YOY) produced per adult and (ii) food available to YOY produced a similar magnitude of variation in their subsequent survival. We also show that such large natural variation in vital rates can significantly alter decision thresholds (biological reference points) important for precautionary management. These findings reveal how knowledge of food resources can improve understanding of population dynamics and reduce risk of overharvest by more accurately identifying periods of low recruitment.

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Life History and Courtship Behavior of Black Perch, Embiotoca jacksoni (Teleostomi: Embiotocidae), from Southern California

Abstract: The black perch,

Cited by 17 publications

References 19 publications

High degree of multiple paternity in the viviparous Shiner Perch, Cymatogaster aggregata, a fish with long-term female sperm storage

High degree of multiple paternity in the viviparous Shiner Perch, Cymatogaster aggregata, a fish with long-term female sperm storage

Effects of size and sex on the courting success and foraging behaviour ofEmbiotoca jacksoni

Fluctuations in food supply drive recruitment variation in a marine fish

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