Life histories of Mediterranean pines

Tapias, R.; Climent, José; Pardos, J.A.; Gil, Luis

doi:10.1023/b:vege.0000029383.72609.f0

Cited by 326 publications

(353 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Fraction images, by contrast, did not have this shortcoming, and accurate estimates of vegetation abundance can be achieved when vegetation cover is low, i.e. the first years of regeneration after a forest fire (Tapias et al, 2004). Despite the lack of studies based on MESMA fraction images to monitor post-fire vegetation dynamics, SMA-based fraction images were successfully used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as suggested by Calvo et al (2008), the P. pinaster population in the study area has some anatomical and physiological characteristics that differ from any other Spanish natural population of P. pinaster, potentially caused by frequent recurrence of fires in the area. Among these adaptations, the most noticeable may be high production of serotinous cones (that protect the seeds), thicker bark, resistance to lower temperatures, and a significantly earlier flowering age (Tapias et al, 2004).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Burn severity influence on post-fire vegetation cover resilience from Landsat MESMA fraction images time series in Mediterranean forest ecosystems

Fernández–Manso

Quintano

Roberts

2016

Remote Sensing of Environment

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Mediterranean ecosystems are adapted to recurrent forest fires by having regeneration mechanisms that overcome the immediate effects of fire. However, the increasing frequency of fires in most European Mediterranean countries is challenging the natural regrowth capability of these ecosystems. In this context, monitoring post-fire vegetation recovery is a priority for forest management and soil erosion control. In this work, a 13-year series (1999-2011) of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM)/Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM +) data was used to model post-fire vegetation recovery as a function of burn severity and to quantify post-fire resilience as a measure of vegetation cover regrowth. We evaluated a large forest fire located in Spain that burned approximately 30 km 2 of Pinus pinaster Ait. in August 1998. 88 field plots of four burn severity levels (unburned, low, moderate and high) were measured in the field a year after the fire. As a variable representative of vegetation, we chose the shade normalized green vegetation fraction image (SGV) obtained by applying Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA) to the original Landsat TM/ETM + images. The SGV values were extracted for the 88 field plots and, after performing a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), a Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) test allowed us to estimate resilience of vegetation cover as the number of post-fire years exhibiting a statistically significant difference between burned and unburned areas. Next, SGV values were referenced to unburned control plots values and the vegetation recovery index (VRI) was defined. The evolution in time curve of VRI for low, moderate and highly fire affected vegetation was fit using trend models (specifically, an exponential trend for VRI in high and moderate burn severity levels; a linear trend for low burn severity level, Root Mean Square Error, RMSE = 0.18, 0.13, and 0.09, respectively). We observed that vegetation cover affected by low severity fire recovered to its original state after 7 years, and vegetation cover affected by moderate severity recovered after 13 years. Vegetation affected by high severity fire was estimated to recover after 20 years. We conclude that VRI time series based on multitemporal MESMA fractions from Landsat data can be considered a valuable indicator of the post-fire vegetation cover recovery. Its temporal evolution represented post-fire vegetation cover regrowth adequately and facilitated the estimate of vegetation cover resilience in Mediterranean forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Burn severity influence on post-fire vegetation cover resilience from Landsat MESMA fraction images time series in Mediterranean forest ecosystems

Fernández–Manso

Quintano

Roberts

2016

Remote Sensing of Environment

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“…Also, the marked differentiation between foliage types in frost tolerance does not mimic the similarity of LMA values. This pine grows in Mediterranean dry slopes at low to mid altitudes, where it competes with woody formations of variable density and vigour (garriga, makis or phrygana) benefiting of its high colonizing ability after fires (Tapias et al, 2004). In these predominantly convex areas, frosts are infrequent and mostly caused by the advection associated to northerly cold spells, rather than from radiation (Lindkvist et al, 2000).…”

Section: P C a N A R Ie N S Is P R A D Ia T A P P In E A P Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Freezing injury in primary and secondary needles of Mediterranean pine species of contrasting ecological niches

Climent

Silva²,

Chambel

et al. 2009

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• Pine seedlings show a marked ontogenetic difference between primary and secondary needles, the latter prevailing with a different timing among species.• Using the electrolyte leakage method following an artificial freezing test, we aimed at (1) determining the differences in freezing tolerance between primary and secondary needles in eight pines of contrasting thermal habitats: P. canariensis, P. pinea, P. halepensis, P. brutia, P. pinaster, P. nigra, P. sylvestris and P. radiata, (2) evaluating the relation between freezing tolerance and sclerophylly and (3) relating freezing tolerance with the climate of origin.• Primary needles were significantly more sensitive to freezing than secondary needles in Pinus halepensis, P. brutia, P. pinaster and P. nigra, whereas no differences were found in P. canariensis, P. pinea and P. radiata. LT50 was uncorrelated with needle sclerophylly but very highly correlated with the mean temperature of the coldest month at the seed source.• Results support an adaptive role of secondary needles in the mountain Mediterranean pines P. nigra, P. pinaster and P. brutia, while the more complex responses in coastal Mediterranean pines can be interpreted in the light of seedling ontogeny and species' ecological niches. Mots-clés :gel / perte d'électrolyte / gelée / ontogénie / hétéroblastie Résumé -Dégâts du gel sur des aiguilles primaires et secondaires chez différentes espèces de pins méditerranéens dans des niches écologiques contrastées.• Les jeunes plants de pin présentent une nette différence ontogénétique entre aiguilles primaires et secondaires, les secondes devenant dominantes après des délais variables selon les espèces.• À l'aide d'une expérience de gel artificiel et à l'aide de la méthode de perte d'électrolyte, nous avons visé à : (1) déterminer les différences de tolérance au gel entre aiguilles primaires et secondaires de huit espèces de pins présentant des habitats thermiques contrastés : P. canariensis, P. pinea, P. halepensis, P. brutia, P. pinaster, P. nigra, P. sylvestris et P. radiata, (2) évaluer la relation entre tolérance au gel et degré de sclérophyllie, et (3) mettre en relation tolérance au gel et climat d'origine.• Les aiguilles primaires étaient beaucoup plus sensibles au gel que les aiguilles secondaires chez Pinus halepensis, P. brutia, P. pinaster et P. nigra, alors qu'aucune différence n'a été constatée chez P. canariensis, P. pinea et P. radiata. La température induisant 50 % de mortalité n'était pas corrélée avec la sclérophyllie des aiguilles mais très fortement avec la température moyenne du mois le plus froid de la provenance des semences.• Les résultats corroborent l'idée d'un rôle adaptatif des aiguilles secondaires des pins méditerra-néens montagnards P. nigra, P. pinaster et P. brutia, tandis que les réponses plus complexes des pins méditerranéens côtiers peuvent être interprétées à la lumière de l'ontogénie des semis et des niches écologiques des espèces.

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“…is a common widespread conifer species in Western Mediterranean countries, whose forests typically suffer from frequent forest fires. Varying fire regimes have even selected for different firerelated traits across P. pinaster populations, like bark thickness, serotiny (Tapias et al, 2004) and precocity (Santos-del-Blanco et al, 2012). P. pinaster is also an obligate mutualist with ectomycorrhizal fungi and normal growth does not occur without them (Smith & Read 1997, Read, 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of fire severity on ectomycorrhizal colonization and morphometric features in Pinus pinaster Ait. seedlings

Gassibe

Rueda

Blanco³

et al. 2016

For. syst.

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Aim of the study: Mycorrhizal fungi in Mediterranean forests play a key role in the complex process of recovery after wildfires. A broader understanding of an important pyrophytic species as Pinus pinaster and its fungal symbionts is thus necessary for forest restoration purposes. This study aims to assess the effects of ectomycorrhizal symbiosis on maritime pine seedlings and how fire severity affects fungal colonization ability.Area of study: Central Spain, in a Mediterranean region typically affected by wildfires dominated by Pinus pinaster, a species adapted to fire disturbance.Material and Methods: We studied P. pinaster root apexes from seedlings grown in soils collected one year after fire in undisturbed sites, sites moderately affected by fire and sites highly affected by fire. Natural ectomycorrhization was observed at the whole root system level as well as at two root vertical sections (0-10 cm and 10-20 cm). We also measured several morphometric traits (tap root length, shoot length, dry biomass of shoots and root/shoot ratio), which were used to test the influence of fire severity and soil chemistry upon them.Main results: Ectomycorrhizal colonization in undisturbed soils for total and separated root vertical sections was higher than in soils that had been affected by fire to some degree. Inversely, seedling vegetative size increased according to fire severity.Research highlights: Fire severity affected soil properties and mycorrhizal colonization one year after occurrence, thus affecting plant development. These findings can contribute to a better knowledge of the factors mediating successful establishment of P. pinaster in Mediterranean forests after wildfires.Keywords: Wildfire; mycorrhizal fungi; Maritime pine; bioassay. Citation: Vásquez-Gassibe, P., Oria-de-Rueda, J.A., Santos-del-Blanco, L., Martín-Pinto, P. (2016). The effects of fire severity on ectomycorrhizal colonization and morphometric features in Pinus pinaster Ait. seedlings. Forest Systems, Volume 25, Issue 1, e050. http://dx

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Life histories of Mediterranean pines

Cited by 326 publications

References 33 publications

Burn severity influence on post-fire vegetation cover resilience from Landsat MESMA fraction images time series in Mediterranean forest ecosystems

Burn severity influence on post-fire vegetation cover resilience from Landsat MESMA fraction images time series in Mediterranean forest ecosystems

Freezing injury in primary and secondary needles of Mediterranean pine species of contrasting ecological niches

The effects of fire severity on ectomycorrhizal colonization and morphometric features in Pinus pinaster Ait. seedlings

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