Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy changes between 2000 and 2015: an analysis of 183 World Health Organization member states

Souza, Filipe Costa de; Rêgo, Leandro Chaves

doi:10.1007/s10389-017-0870-8

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Otros tipos de estudios menos frecuentes en la literatura son del tipo exploratorio como es el caso de estudio [21], que analiza los cambios y desigualdades en la esperanza de vida y el estudio comparativo, propuesto en [22], el cual analiza y busca patrones, similitudes y diferencias en el cambio de mortalidad entre distintos países.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Sin embargo, en los estudios anteriormente descritos como comparativos, exploratorios y ecológicos, donde se comparan condiciones relacionadas a la situación de salud en el mundo, como es el caso de [13], [18] y [22] que se centran en países europeos, [12] en países asiáticos y el mundo, además de [20] y [21] que exploran regiones de la OMS, la información es extraída de bases de datos internacionales como la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la Oficina Europea de Estadística (Eurostat), la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OECD), la base de datos de mortalidad humana y el estudio de la carga mundial de la enfermedad, donde los indicadores y el cálculo de estos se encuentran estandarizados en el mundo. El hecho de que sean homologables permite que información sea comparable, de más fácil acceso y análisis, a su vez otorga al lector mayor claridad de los datos expuestos en el estudio.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

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¿Cómo establecer un ranking de situación de salud?: Una aproximación desde la literatura

Núñez-Muñoz,

Rojo-González,

C. Vásquez

2023

Anais Do International Conference on Production Research Americas

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En el ámbito de la salud, los indicadores son entendidos como instrumentos de medida que nos permiten conocer ciertos aspectos cualitativos y/o cuantitativos de la situación de salud para un área geográfica en un determinado período. Su objetivo es aportar datos confiables y de validez científica sobre los sistemas de salud y las condiciones de vida de la población, proporcionando información relevante para el desarrollo de políticas que permitan cumplir los lineamientos y objetivos sanitarios establecidos por cada nación y/u organismos internacionales tales como la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). En este estudio se hace una exhaustiva revisión bibliográfica, analizando y categorizando los aspectos generales y particulares utilizados en la definición y evaluación de los diversos indicadores de salud, así como su asociación con las determinantes sociales. El resultado obtenido proporciona una nueva aproximación para establecer un ranking de la situación de salud de la población, el cual aborda los resultados de la literatura, la opinión de expertos e indicadores relevantes, buscando contribuir al análisis, planificación, gestión, ejecución y evaluación de políticas, orientadas a salud y bienestar de la población.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

¿Cómo establecer un ranking de situación de salud?: Una aproximación desde la literatura

Núñez-Muñoz,

Rojo-González,

C. Vásquez

2023

Anais Do International Conference on Production Research Americas

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“…As Souza and Rêgo (2018) highlight, it is a global tendency for less developed nations to obtain increases in life expectancy, with a reduction in mortality at younger ages and, as they reach higher levels of longevity, the gains in life expectancy start to be more influenced by the improvements in the health conditions of the elderly. Thus, with the increases in life expectancy of the Brazilian population, it would be natural to expect the difference presented to continue to increase, which reveals the relevance of the dynamic analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Period life expectancy at birth is one of the main health indicators of a population at a particular moment in time, and recording it serves to monitor improvements in the health and quality of life conditions of a population over time and/or enable comparisons between different locations at the same time. In recent decades, successive increases in life expectancy have become a global trend, even in Brazil (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics -IBGE, 2013b), with some specific exceptions, as can be seen in Souza and Rêgo (2018).…”

Section: Mortality: Static and Dynamic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality dynamics and the statutory retirement age proposal: an actuarial view

Souza

2020

Rev. contab. finanç.

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This paper aimed to apply (dynamic and static) actuarial models to calculate the balanced contribution rates for the planned (at the minimum age) retirement benefit of the General Social Security System, based on the original and substitutive texts of the reform proposed by Michel Temer’s government. Even with the regular increases in life expectancy and the long-term nature of the analyses, national studies on social security are typically based on the static mortality hypothesis. The relevance of this study is evident due to the demographic changes, particularly the increase in life expectancy, experienced by the Brazilian population in recent decades and which put in question the sustainability of the national pension system. The use of dynamic actuarial models allows for more accurate discussions about the future of social security, besides contributing to the still scarce national literature. Static and dynamic actuarial models were applied to a representative individual, adjusting mortality tables from the United Nations covering 1950 to 2100. It was verified that the actuarially fair rates calculated by the dynamic actuarial model are typically higher than those obtained by the static model, especially for women. This difference is expected to increase as gains in life expectancy become more influenced by the reduction in mortality at more advanced ages. Moreover, if the social security reform is approved (in accordance with either the original or the substitutive text), there are indications from the dynamic model that the contributions rates currently charged would be excessive for men. In turn, these rates would be excessive for women considering the original text, and closer to the actuarially fair value considering the substitutive text. The development, disclosure, and regular updating of official dynamic tables (whether for mortality or other biometric assumptions) are also recommended.

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“…Along these lines, although population projections are an important demographic tool and a fundamental one for public planning (OLIVEIRA; SILVA; OLIVEIRA, 2019), unforeseen events, particularly the current COVID-19 pandemic, will surely have a negative impact, at least in the short term, in life-expectancy and might affect regions (CASTRO et al, 2021) and subpopulations in different levels. The AIDS epidemic, for example, caused expressive losses in life-expectancy in Africa during the 1990s (SOUZA; RÊGO, 2018).…”

Section: Limitations and Research Agendamentioning

confidence: 99%

The life table paradox: has Brazil already overcome it?

Souza

2021

Rev. bras. estud. popul.

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Ideally, life expectancy should be a decreasing function of age. When this fact is not observed, this situation is known as the life table paradox. This paper investigated the timing (and health metrics at the time) in which Brazil and its Federation Units (FU) overcame (or are expected to overcome) this paradox. The data were gathered from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and contained 3,416 sex-specific abridged life tables, from 2000 to 2060. At national level, females and males overcame the paradox in 2016 and 2018, respectively. However, when the FU were examined separately, much heterogeneity was observed. Through the decomposition analysis of the change over time in the difference between life expectancy at birth and at age one, we found that Brazil and most of its FU are expected to have both changes declining over time and the total change is expected to be decreasing and greater than zero. Nevertheless, for some Northeastern states the total change is expected to pass from a positive to a negative value; and for two Northern states the total change is expected to be neither decreasing nor increasing. In a public planning perspective, we understand that achieving balancing in the life tables is a goal to be pursued, especially because having an imbalanced table means that life expectancy at birth is still strongly influenced by high levels of infant mortality. Therefore, this knowledge could help planners to properly define strategies to accelerate the balancing process and revert unequal scenarios.

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Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy changes between 2000 and 2015: an analysis of 183 World Health Organization member states

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

¿Cómo establecer un ranking de situación de salud?: Una aproximación desde la literatura

¿Cómo establecer un ranking de situación de salud?: Una aproximación desde la literatura

Mortality dynamics and the statutory retirement age proposal: an actuarial view

The life table paradox: has Brazil already overcome it?

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