Life Expectancies With Depression by Age of Migration and Gender Among Older Mexican Americans

García, Cézar; García, Marc A.; Chiu, Chih‐Yu; Rivera, Fernando I.; Raji, Mukaila

doi:10.1093/geront/gny107

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Although women have a longer life expectancy, the prevalence of depression is also higher among them (Salk et al, 2017 ). Consistently, previous research has shown a differential impact of depression on healthy life expectancies, depending on gender, with women at all ages expecting to live a higher proportion of their life with depression (Andrade et al, 2016 ; Alves and Pereira, 2018 ; García et al, 2019 ; Wu et al, 2021 ; Bramajo, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms in Chile between 2003 and 2016

Moreno,

Monsalves,

Rueda

et al. 2024

Camb. prisms Glob. ment. health

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The aim of the study was to analyze gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms among the adult population in Chile between 2003 and 2016. The Sullivan method was used to estimate the total and marginal life expectancy, based on prevalence data from the National Health Survey (2003, 2010 and 2016), and abridged life tables for the Chilean population. There was a compression of morbidity among middle-aged men during the first period and among younger and older women during the last one. Men at all ages could expect to live a higher proportion of their lives without depressive symptoms during the whole period. The gender gap in the proportion of life expectancy free of depressive symptoms reached 10 percent points or more, considering almost all ages and periods. Unemployment and lower education increased the probability of depressive symptoms, and these effects were more marked among women. Public policies should have a gender-sensitive approach to address the gap in depression and the disadvantage experienced by women in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms, considering those dimensions that intersect with gender, such as access to education, employment or income. Impact statementDepression is the most frequent mental health problem. The international literature consistently reports a gender gap in depression. Also, an association between this gap and gender inequalities is supported by previous evidence. This study adds to the previous knowledge by examining if the advantage in life expectancy experienced by women compensates the higher prevalence of depressive symptoms across the life span through the assessment of gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms in 2003, 2010 and 2016 in Chile. Our findings showed a persistent gender gap, with women expecting to live 10 percent points or more of their remaining life with depressive symptoms, compared to men, at all ages and years considered. We analyzed the interaction of gender with other social dimensions that could exacerbate gender differences, and we observed that lower level of education and unemployment increased the probability of depressive symptoms among men and women, but the effect was larger and more persistent among women. The results of our research support the importance of including a gender approach in public policies aimed at reducing inequalities among the population in Chile, considering the intersection of gender and other social dimensions that amplify disadvantages among certain groups of the population. With respect to mental health care, efforts have been made in Chile to improve access, quality, opportunity and financial protection to health-care users via the Regime of Explicit Health Guarantees (GES program), which included depression in 2006. The guidelines of this program should be updated, considering gender perspective and tailored interventions, to improve not only the access of certain groups but also the relevance and effectiveness of treatments.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms in Chile between 2003 and 2016

Moreno,

Monsalves,

Rueda

et al. 2024

Camb. prisms Glob. ment. health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Prior work has shown that poverty and financial strain, as SDH, may contribute to increased risk of depression in racial/ethnic minority older adults compared to non-Latinx Whites (Angel et al, 2003; García et al, 2019; Kahn & Fazio, 2005). Economic difficulties can expose these minorities to additional stressors (e.g., lack of food, medicine, and utilities), further increasing their vulnerability to depressive symptoms (Chiriboga et al, 2002; Krause, 1987; Krause et al, 1991).…”

Section: Social Determinants Of Health Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late life anxiety and depression symptoms, and suicidal behaviors in racial/ethnic minority older adults in community-based organizations and community clinics in the U.S.

Jiménez¹,

Cruz-Gonzalez²,

Calhoun³

et al. 2024

Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology

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Objective: Late life anxiety and depression represent a significant source of disability, with racial/ethnic minority older adults in the U.S. showing marked disparities in healthy aging. Community-based organizations (CBOs) and community clinics serve these populations for preventive care, yet few identify their mental health service needs. We examine the association between race/ethnicity and risk of mild-tosevere symptoms of anxiety and depression, and suicidal behaviors in minority older adults. Method: Data come from the multisite randomized controlled trial Building Community Capacity for Disability Prevention for Minority Elders, which screened 1,057 adults (45.5% Asian, 26.8% Latinx, 15.0% non-Latinx Black, 8.5% non-Latinx White, and 4.2% American Indian) aged 60+ years at CBOs and clinics in Massachusetts, New York, Florida, and Puerto Rico. Screened participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) for anxiety symptoms, the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15) for depression symptoms, and the Paykel Suicide Risk Questionnaire for suicidal behaviors. Results: 28.1% of older adults reported mildto-severe anxiety symptoms, 30.1% reported mild-to-severe depression symptoms, and 4.3% reported at least one suicidal behavior. Compared to non-Latinx Whites, Latinxs had higher odds of mild-to-severe anxiety and depression symptoms and one or more suicidal behaviors, and Asians had higher odds of mildto-severe depression symptoms only. Conclusions: There is an urgent need to improve outreach for screening and preventive mental health care for minority older adults. Expanding outreach and communitybased capacity to identify and treat minority older adults with mental health conditions represents an opportunity to prevent disability. Public Significance StatementOur results underscore the importance of outreaching minority older adults participating in communitybased organizations (CBOs) and clinics for mental health screening given the high prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and suicidal behaviors. CBOs and clinics may offer opportunities for early identification of their mental health problems and provide mental health literacy and connection to secondary prevention programs to mitigate their higher risk of disability.

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“…Further, the focus is not on Mexican culture, per se, but on a cultural model that takes shape as women from all over Mexico converge in a relatively new immigrant destination in the U.S., where both daily activities and long-term goals are renegotiated and adapted to the new setting and where the ability to act on these goals is subject to a common set of social and structural constraints, regardless of documentation status. We limited the focus to women because Mexican women are twice as likely to develop symptoms of depression as Mexican men [2][3][4][5][6] and because gender shapes the migration and acculturation experience in important ways [2,48].…”

Section: Participants and Sampling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As Mexican immigrants make up the single largest cohort of Hispanic/Latino immigrants, the health status of this group has important consequences for U.S. population health and for the health care delivery system. Research shows that among Hispanic/Latino immigrants in the U.S., Mexican women are at particularly high risk for developing depressive symptomology, suggesting that nativity and gender shape depression outcomes in critical ways [2][3][4][5][6]. It has long been presumed that culture also plays a role in shaping the lived experience of immigrants coming from different places and at different stages in their lives, though identifying the underlying mechanisms by which culture impacts health outcomes has been difficult to document empirically in social scientific research [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age at Arrival and Depression among Mexican Immigrant Women in Alabama: The Moderating Role of Culture

Andrews

Oths

Dressler

2022

IJERPH

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Mexican-born women in the U.S. are at high risk of depression. While acculturation is the primary analytical framework used to study immigrant mental health, this research suffers from (1) a lack of specificity regarding how cultural models of living and being take shape among migrants converging in new destinations in the U.S., and (2) methods to empirically capture the impact of cultural positioning on individual health outcomes. Instead of relying on proxy measures of age at arrival and time in the U.S. to indicate where an individual is located on the acculturation spectrum, this study uses cultural consensus analysis to derive the substance and structure of a cultural model for la buena vida (the good life) among Mexican immigrant women in Birmingham, Alabama, and then assesses the extent to which respondents are aligned with the model in their everyday lives. This measure of ‘cultural consonance’ is explored as a moderating variable between age at arrival in the U.S. and number of depressive symptoms. Results demonstrate that for those who arrived at an older age, those with lower consonance are at the highest risk for depression, while those who are more aligned with la buena vida are at lower risk.

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Life Expectancies With Depression by Age of Migration and Gender Among Older Mexican Americans

Cited by 11 publications

References 53 publications

Gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms in Chile between 2003 and 2016

Gender differences in life expectancy free of depressive symptoms in Chile between 2003 and 2016

Late life anxiety and depression symptoms, and suicidal behaviors in racial/ethnic minority older adults in community-based organizations and community clinics in the U.S.

Age at Arrival and Depression among Mexican Immigrant Women in Alabama: The Moderating Role of Culture

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