Life events, locus of control, and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescents

Liu, Xianchen; Kitamura, Hiroshi; Uchiyama, Makoto; Okawa, Masako; Liu, Lianqi; Ma, Dengdai

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(200012)56:12<1565::aid-7>3.0.co;2-u

Cited by 133 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…From a psychological perspective, psychotic symptoms in young people have been linked to poorer theory of mind and an externalised locus of control, 35,36 both of which have been shown to predict poorer mental health outcomes. 37,38 The relevance of our findings extends beyond adolescent mental health; the finding that psychotic symptoms are highly prevalent in a range of (non-psychotic) disorders raises questions about traditional diagnostic boundaries. Although psychosis has conventionally been considered as separate from 'neurotic' disorders, a number of researchers have questioned the independence of the psychoses and non-psychotic psychopathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies

et al. 2012

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Hallucinations and delusions, the classic symptoms of psychosis, have recently been documented to occur at a much higher prevalence in the general population than clinically diagnosed psychotic disorder.1 A meta-analysis of prevalence studies of psychotic symptoms in young people demonstrated a median prevalence of 17% in children aged 9-12 years and 7.5% in adolescents aged 13-18 years.2 As the term suggests, psychotic symptoms have typically been considered to relate to psychotic disorder. Indeed, research has shown that members of the general population who report psychotic symptoms share a wide range of risk factors with people with schizophrenia (see Kelleher & Cannon for review), [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and young people who report psychotic symptoms have been found to be at increased risk of psychotic disorder in adulthood.10,11 Individuals who report psychotic symptoms are also more likely to report non-psychotic psychopathological symptoms, especially symptoms of depression; [12][13][14][15][16] Yung et al, for example, reported that individuals who had a diagnosed depressive disorder endorsed an increased number of psychotic symptoms on the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences questionnaire compared with controls.17 Bartels-Velthuis et al found that young adolescents who disclosed psychotic symptoms were approximately 3-5 times more likely to score in the clinical psychopathology range on the parent-completed Child Behavior Checklist. Community-based studies to date, however, have relied mainly upon questionnaires to assess psychotic symptoms and have involved limited data on non-psychotic psychopathology. In addition, although research suggests that psychotic symptoms are more common in younger than in older children, 2 there is a lack of information on whether there are differences in the clinical significance of psychotic symptoms across different stages of adolescence. In an attempt to improve our understanding of the clinical significance of psychotic symptoms in the general population we examined data from four population studies, comprising two large population surveys and two in-depth clinical interview studies of psychotic symptoms. The aims of this work were to investigate whether psychotic symptoms predicted nonpsychotic clinical diagnoses, and if so, which disorders; to investigate whether psychotic symptoms predicted more clinically severe disorder in terms of comorbid psychopathology (i.e. having more than one diagnosis); and to investigate whether the significance of psychotic symptoms varied as a function of age. MethodSurvey studies Background Epidemiological research has shown that hallucinations and delusions, the classic symptoms of psychosis, are far more prevalent in the population than actual psychotic disorder. These symptoms are especially prevalent in childhood and adolescence. Longitudinal research has demonstrated that psychotic symptoms in adolescence increase the risk of psychotic disorder in adulthood. There has been a lack of research, however, on the immediate clini...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies

et al. 2012

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“…However, a recent report of completed suicide rates in China has shown a similar tendency that suicide rates markedly increased after age 15 [1]. High risk of suicidality among older Chinese adolescents may be due to academic pressure and stress that come from peer competition for admission to better high schools or universities [20,21]. This is particularly true for Chinese rural adolescents because admission to universities is seen as the only way for most of them to leave rural villages and seek future success.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Counting all the answers indicating external locus of control orientation generates a total score of externality. A Chinese version of the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale was used in the present study [20]. The internal consistency estimate (Cronbach's ␣) for this scale with this sample was .86.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, as China undergoes rapid economic development and sociocultural change, life stress that is originated from school, peers, unemployment, and family conflict has become an increasing problem and an important risk factor for emotional and behavioral problems among Chinese youths [18 -22]. There is evidence that Chinese adolescents are more likely to experience school and academic achievement stress than western adolescents [20,21]. Recent studies have shown that mental health problems are common among Chinese adolescents and are associated with multiple psychosocial risk factors [18,20 -25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicidality and correlates among rural adolescents of China

Liu¹,

Tein²,

Zhao³

et al. 2005

Journal of Adolescent Health

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143

100

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“…For example, Elfstrom and Kreuter [66] found that the relationship between locus of control and emotional well-being of persons with traumatically-acquired spinal cord lesion was mediated by coping strategies. The results of most previous studies suggest that external individuals use fewer problemfocused strategies when dealing with stress [65,67,68]. Internal individuals with problem-focused skills feel that they can do something constructive in situations perceived as controllable, and as a result experience less negative emotions than persons using emotion-focused or avoidant styles [65].…”

Section: Mediating Effect Of Coping Stylesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Work locus of control and burnout in Polish physiotherapists: The mediating effect of coping styles

Wilski¹,

Chmielewski²,

Tomczak³

2015

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between work locus of control and burnout in Polish physiotherapists through the mediation of coping styles. In particular, we hypothesized that external work locus of control may have a positive direct relationship with burnout symptoms via positive relationship with emotion-focused and avoidant coping styles, and a negative relationship with problem-focused style. Material and Methods: We tested the mediational hypothesis using structural equation modeling of self-report data from 155 Polish physiotherapists. Results: The relationship between external work locus of control and physiotherapists' burnout was shown to be mediated by a positive relationship with emotion-focused coping and an inverse relationship with problem-focused coping. The variables included in the model explained about 15% of the variance of emotional exhaustion, 14% of depersonalization, and 14% of personal accomplishment. Conclusions: Physiotherapists perceiving the situation as difficult to control, feel more burned out when they use more emotion-focused strategies, and less problem-focused strategies. This indicates the importance of including both, problem-focused coping training and increasing the perception of the situation controllability in preventing physiotherapists' burnout programs.

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Life events, locus of control, and behavioral problems among Chinese adolescents

Cited by 133 publications

References 32 publications

Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies

Clinicopathological significance of psychotic experiences in non-psychotic young people: evidence from four population-based studies

Suicidality and correlates among rural adolescents of China

Work locus of control and burnout in Polish physiotherapists: The mediating effect of coping styles

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