Life cycle of the East Carpathian orogen: Erosion history of a doubly vergent critical wedge assessed by fission track thermochronology

Sanders, Carlo; Andriessen, P.A.M.; Cloetingh, S.A.P.L.

doi:10.1029/1998jb900046

Cited by 108 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…This is compatible with previously reported AFT data [Sanders et al, 1999]. However, the new data allow a significant improvement on spatial and temporal scales and suggest two exhumation episodes for postcollisional times.…”

Section: Pliocene-quaternary Inversionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Figure 5c is an enlargement of Figure 5b for the Neogene time period to zoom in on the Miocene collisional and subsequent postcollisional exhumation ages. Figure 6 agreement with the ∼4 km of exhumation previously reported for the East Carpathians [Sanders et al, 1999;Gröger et al, 2008] and with the age of syntectonic and posttectonic sediments [Matenco and Bertotti, 2000;Săndulescu et al, 1981]. Middle Miocene deformation gradually dies out toward the foreland, which is indicated by continuous sedimentation in the Subcarpathian nappe and foredeep.…”

Section: Miocene Contraction and Collision Of The East And Se Carpathsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Thermochronological ages plotted against depositional age. Grey diamonds are AFT central ages and crosses are AFT age populations of this study and Sanders et al [1999]. Solid circles represent error weighted average AHe ages.…”

Section: Thermal Evolution Of the Se Carpathiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In total 16 clastic sediment samples were analyzed for AFT and AHe thermochronology (Table 1). Of the 16 samples, six were already measured for AFT [Sanders et al, 1999] but reassessed by AHe (Table 1); 10 new samples were collected.…”

Section: Merten Et Al: Exhumation History Of the Se Carpathiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in the adjacent orogenic nappe pile the timing of this renewed contraction and associated uplift appears to have started earlier, at around 5-6 Ma. This is indicated by thermochronological studies [Sanders et al, 1999] and a petrological change in the sediment sources of the foredeep deposits [Panaiotu et al, 2007]. The force driving this two-stage postcollisional evolution (subsidence followed by renewed contraction) is not well understood, but is generally attributed to processes taking place in the already subducted slab (such as delamination) (see Knapp et al [2005] for a review), or to intraplate deformation [e.g., Cloetingh et al, 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From nappe stacking to out‐of‐sequence postcollisional deformations: Cretaceous to Quaternary exhumation history of the SE Carpathians assessed by low‐temperature thermochronology

Merten¹,

Maţenco

Foeken

et al. 2010

Tectonics

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[1] Apatite fission track (AFT) and (U-Th)/He (AHe) thermochronology have been combined to constrain the exhumation history of the SE Carpathians. Cooling ages generally decrease from Cretaceous for the internal basement nappes (AFT ages), to Miocene-Quaternary (AFT and AHe, respectively) for the external sedimentary wedge. The AFT and AHe data show a Paleogene age cluster, which confirms a suspected but never demonstrated tectonic event. The new data furthermore suggest that the SE Carpathians have been affected by a middle Miocene exhumation phase related to continental collision, which occurred at rates of ∼0.8 mm/yr, similar to the one previously inferred for the East Carpathians. The SE Carpathian tectonic evolution, however, is overprinted by two younger exhumation events in the Pliocene-Pleistocene. The first exhumation phase (latest Miocene-early Pliocene) occurred at high exhumation rates (∼1.7 mm/yr) and is interpreted as a tectonic event and/or associated with a sea level drop in the Paratethys basins during the Messinian low stand. The youngest recorded tectonic phase suggests rapid Pleistocene exhumation (∼1.6 mm/yr) and is interpreted to represent crustal-scale shortening different in mechanics from collisional processes. The data suggest that the SE Carpathians did not develop as a typical double-vergent orogenic wedge; instead, exhumation was related to a foreland-vergent sequence of nappe stacking during collision and was subsequently followed by a large out-of-sequence shortening event truncating the already locked collisional boundary.

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Section: Pliocene-quaternary Inversionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Miocene Contraction and Collision Of The East And Se Carpathsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Thermal Evolution Of the Se Carpathiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Merten Et Al: Exhumation History Of the Se Carpathiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

From nappe stacking to out‐of‐sequence postcollisional deformations: Cretaceous to Quaternary exhumation history of the SE Carpathians assessed by low‐temperature thermochronology

Merten¹,

Maţenco

Foeken

et al. 2010

Tectonics

Self Cite

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Transition from a singly vergent to doubly vergent wedge in a young orogen: The Greater Caucasus

2014

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The Greater Caucasus Mountains, due to their youth (~5 Ma), provide an opportunity for insight into the early stages of orogen development during continent-continent collision. However, their recent tectonic evolution and first-order architecture remain unclear. Here we investigate the evolution of the orogen by integrating new observations of the fluvial geomorphology and neotectonics of the range with prior work on seismicity, geodetic strain, bedrock geology, and foreland basin structure. We find that the range contains four zones along strike that differ in structural architecture, topography, and first-order tectonic history. In particular, two south directed, singly vergent zones at the western and eastern tips of the orogen are separated by both a central doubly vergent zone that is dominated by north directed deformation and an eastern doubly vergent zone in which south directed thrusting dominates. We hypothesize that the along-strike changes in vergence and locus of deformation reflects different stages in the development of a doubly vergent orogen, with the tips of the range preserving an early, singly vergent form and the center recording a more advanced orogen. The differences between the two doubly vergent zones seem to be driven by the initial stages of collision between the structurally thickened crust of the Greater and Lesser Caucasus orogens, which initiated at~5 Ma.

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Postcollisional lithospheric evolution of the Southeast Carpathians: Comparison of geodynamical models and observations

2016

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Seismic evidence and thermal and topographic transients have led to the interpretation of lithospheric removal beneath the Southeast Carpathians region. A series of numerical geodynamic experiments in the context of the tectonic evolution of the region are conducted to test the surface-crustal response to lithosphere delamination and slab break-off. The results show that a delamination-type removal ("plate-like" migrating instability) causes a characteristic pattern of surface uplift/subsidence and crustal extension/shortening to occur due to the lithospheric deformation and dynamic/thermal forcing of the sublithospheric mantle. These features migrate with the progressive removal of the underlying lithosphere. Model results for delamination are comparable with observables related to the geodynamic evolution of the Southeast Carpathians since 10 Ma: the mantle structure inferred by seismic tomography, migrating patterns of uplift (>1.5 km) and subsidence (>2 km) in the region, crustal thinning in the Carpathian hinterland and thickening at the Focsani depression, and regional extension in the Carpathian corner (e.g., opening of Brasov basin) correlating with volcanism (e.g., Harghita and Persani volcanics) in the last 3 Myr.

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Life cycle of the East Carpathian orogen: Erosion history of a doubly vergent critical wedge assessed by fission track thermochronology

Cited by 108 publications

References 65 publications

From nappe stacking to out‐of‐sequence postcollisional deformations: Cretaceous to Quaternary exhumation history of the SE Carpathians assessed by low‐temperature thermochronology

From nappe stacking to out‐of‐sequence postcollisional deformations: Cretaceous to Quaternary exhumation history of the SE Carpathians assessed by low‐temperature thermochronology

Transition from a singly vergent to doubly vergent wedge in a young orogen: The Greater Caucasus

Postcollisional lithospheric evolution of the Southeast Carpathians: Comparison of geodynamical models and observations

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