Life-cycle of Oxyspirura petrowi (Spirurida: Thelaziidae), an eyeworm of the northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus)

Kalyanasundaram, Aravindan; Brym, Matthew Z.; Blanchard, Kendall R.; Henry, Cassandra; Skinner, Kalin; Henry, Brett J.; Herzog, Jessica L.; Hay, Alyssa; Kendall, Ronald J.

doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3802-3

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Oxyspirura petrowi, for example, uses house crickets ( Acheta domesticus ), cockroaches (order Blattodea), and grasshoppers ( Brachystola spp.) as intermediate hosts (Kistler et al 2016; Almas et al 2018; Kalyanasundaram et al 2019; Henry et al 2020). Aprocta cylindrica uses locusts as intermediate hosts (Quentin et al 1976), but less is known about potential intermediate hosts in this genus compared with Oxyspirura .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

Niedringhaus

Dumbacher

Dunker

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the last four decades, Barred Owls (Strix varia) have expanded their range to include much of western North America, including California. This expansion is suspected to have contributed to declining populations of a closely related species, the federally threatened Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). As a result, understanding potential health threats to Barred Owls has implications for Spotted Owl health and recovery. From 2016 to 2020, 69 Barred Owls were collected to determine the apparent prevalence of periorbital nematode infection, to identify the parasite species present, and to investigate the potential pathologic effects on their hosts. The nematodes were morphologically identified as Oxyspirura and Aprocta spp. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses, they were clearly divergent from published sequences of other species within these genera. Overall, 34 (49%) Barred Owls were infected with periorbital nematodes, with Oxyspirura sp. infections being much more common (94%) than Aprocta sp. (18%). Histopathology revealed varying severity of conjunctivitis in infected owls. Despite the frequency of infection and subsequent inflammation, parasite burden was not associated with reduced body weight in these owls. As a result, the potential health effect of these nematodes is unclear. Further taxonomic characterization is needed to determine potential novelty of these nematodes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

Niedringhaus

Dumbacher

Dunker

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These contrasting relationships may result from differences in the microhabitats inhabited by these two types of helminths in the bobwhite host. Eyeworm larvae are found within infected intermediate hosts (e.g., grasshoppers) that are temporarily stored in the crop when consumed by a bobwhite (Kalyanasundaram 2019). Eyeworm larvae then make their way through the esophagus, up the lacrimal ducts, and into the eye of the bobwhite where they mature into adult eyeworms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring a Plant-Diversity Hypothesis to Explain Helminth Prevalence in Northern Bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus) in Texas, Usa

Herschberger,

Rainey,

Hernández

et al. 2023

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Helminths, in particular eyeworms (Oxyspirura petrowi) and cecal worms (Aulonocephalus pennula), may be a factor influencing northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) populations in Texas. Previous research has shown a discrepancy in helminth infections between the Rolling Plains and Rio Grande Plains of Texas, US, potentially caused by differences in intermediate host distribution and abundance. We explored an alternative hypothesis centered on plant diversity, given that many plants possess phytochemicals with anthelmintic properties. We predicted that plant diversity would be greater and bobwhite diet more diverse in the Rio Grande Plains than the Rolling Plains, which in turn would potentially expose bobwhites to more plants with anthelmintic properties and therefore result in lower parasite prevalence and intensity. We conducted a literature review of plant diversity, anthelmintic plants, and bobwhite diet in Texas to explore this hypothesis. We also quantified the relationship between helminth prevalence in bobwhites and latitude. We documented trends for higher plant species richness, greater number of anthelmintic plants, and more diverse bobwhite diet in the Rio Grande Plains compared to the Rolling Plains. In addition, we documented a trend for increasing helminth prevalence with latitude for eyeworms but not cecal worms. Our study provides circumstantial evidence supporting the plant-diversity hypothesis and warrants experimental testing.

show abstract

“…Currently, laboratory experiments are underway, and the infection of bobwhite with O . petrowi in the laboratory has been completely worked out, from intermediate host to definitive host ( Kalyanasundaram et al, 2019a ). Challenge experiments have also been conducted, which determined that eyeworm and caecal worm glycoproteins elicit an immune response in bobwhite ( Kalyanasundaram et al, 2019b ), and O .…”

Section: Using the Woe Framework To Investigate The Role Of Parasitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Weight of evidence” as a tool for evaluating disease in wildlife: An example assessing parasitic infection in Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)

Henry

Brym

Skinner

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The potential of parasites to affect host abundance has been a topic of heated contention within the scientific community for some time, with many maintaining that issues such as habitat loss are more important in regulating wildlife populations than diseases. This is in part due to the difficulty in detecting and quantifying the consequences of disease, such as parasitic infection, within wild systems. An example of this is found in the Northern bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginanus ), an iconic game bird that is one of the most extensively studied vertebrates on the planet. Yet, despite countless volumes dedicated to the study and management of this bird, bobwhite continue to disappear from fields, forest margins, and grasslands across the United States in what some have referred to as “our greatest wildlife tragedy”. Here, we will discuss the history of disease and wildlife conservation, some of the challenges wildlife disease studies face in the ever-changing world, and how a “weight of evidence” approach has been invaluable to evaluating the impact of parasites on bobwhite in the Rolling Plains of Texas. Through this, we highlight the potential of using “weight of the evidence” to better understand the complex effects of diseases on wildlife and urge a greater consideration of the importance of disease in wildlife conservation.

show abstract

Life-cycle of Oxyspirura petrowi (Spirurida: Thelaziidae), an eyeworm of the northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus)

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

Apparent Prevalence, Diversity, and Associated Lesions of Periorbital Nematodes in a Population of Barred Owls (Strix Varia) From Northern California, Usa

Exploring a Plant-Diversity Hypothesis to Explain Helminth Prevalence in Northern Bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus) in Texas, Usa

“Weight of evidence” as a tool for evaluating disease in wildlife: An example assessing parasitic infection in Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About