Life cycle of Amblyomma mixtum (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing different hosts under laboratory conditions

Piña, Francisco Tobías Barradas; Rodrigues, Vinícius da Silva; Higa, Leandro de Oliveira Souza; Garcia, Marcos Valério; Barros, Jacqueline Cavalcante; León, Adalberto A Pérez de; Andreotti, Renato

doi:10.1007/s10493-017-0178-y

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Amblyomma cajennense is currently only present in the southernmost states of the USA, and its range extends south to northern Argentina and east to the Caribbean, making it one of the most widely distributed ticks in the New World [21]. The native range of A. mixtum extends from Mexico and Central America to western Ecuador [22] and includes the West Indies [23]; this tick is now invasive in Texas [24]. However, despite multiple introductions of A. americanum into California (usually on imported cattle), there are currently no known established populations of Amblyomma spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Potential Habitat for Amblyomma Tick Species in California

Pascoe

Marcantonio

Caminade

et al. 2019

Insects

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The Amblyomma genus of ticks comprises species that are aggressive human biters and vectors of pathogens. Numerous species in the genus are undergoing rapid range expansion. Amblyomma ticks have occasionally been introduced into California, but as yet, no established populations have been reported in the state. Because California has high ecological diversity and is a transport hub for potentially parasitized humans and animals, the risk of future Amblyomma establishment may be high. We used ecological niche modeling to predict areas in California suitable for four tick species that pose high risk to humans: Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma maculatum, Amblyomma cajennense and Amblyomma mixtum. We collected presence data in the Americas for each species from the published literature and online databases. Twenty-three climatic and ecological variables were used in a MaxEnt algorithm to predict the distribution of each species. The minimum temperature of the coldest month was an important predictor for all four species due to high mortality of Amblyomma at low temperatures. Areas in California appear to be ecologically suitable for A. americanum, A. maculatum, and A. cajennense, but not A. mixtum. These findings could inform targeted surveillance prior to an invasion event, to allow mitigation actions to be quickly implemented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Potential Habitat for Amblyomma Tick Species in California

Pascoe

Marcantonio

Caminade

et al. 2019

Insects

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“…This seemingly homogenous phenotype may reflect the lack of genetic separation between A. mixtum populations across the natural regions of Veracruz state [ 15 ]. Although it can inhabit diverse ecosystems in Mexico parasitizing multiple vertebrate host species [ 8 , 23 , 24 ], similar morphometric characteristics were detected in adult A. mixtum . The eryxenous nature of A. mixtum combined with the frequent movement of livestock hosts may contribute to the apparent homogeneous phenotype of this tick species in Veracruz state, Mexico.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amblyomma mixtum is a valid species in the A. cajennense species complex and is considered one of the most economically important tick species parasitizing livestock in Mexico [ 7 , 8 ]. Its impact on livestock health is amplified by the role of A. mixtum as a mechanical vector of Anasplasma that causes bovine anaplasmosis, which can result in significant mortality among cattle herds, it also parasitizes horses, being an important vector of various species of rickettsiae [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometrics of Amblyomma mixtum in the State of Veracruz, Mexico

et al. 2021

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The tick Amblyomma mixtum is an ectoparasite of veterinary and public health importance because of its role as a vector of zoonotic pathogens. However, little is known about A. mixtum intraspecific variability and if morphological differentiation exists between populations across its geographic range. This study aimed to determine by electron microscopy the morphological variability of A. mixtum populations in the state of Veracruz, which has a large livestock population among states in Mexico. Forty male and 40 female A. mixtum collected from the 10 natural regions of Veracruz state were analyzed microscopically to accomplish main component analysis for each sex. Clusters were calculated with the out-tree method and a dendrogram produced to group the specimens according to their morphometric characteristics. Using 10 main components, 77% of the morphological variation of the ticks was explained. This is a reflection of scarce intraspecific variation between females. The dendogram for females grouped six clusters of specimens with similar characteristics. Morphometric variability in males was described using eight main components. Limited intraspecific variation was also observed between males. In males, the dendogram yielded six groups with similar morphometric characteristics. Morphometric analyses confirmed that the only species from the Amblyomma cajennense complex that are parasites to livestock in Veracruz state is A. mixtum. The eryxenous nature of A. mixtum combined with the frequent movement of livestock hosts may contribute to the apparent homogeneous phenotype of this tick species in Mexico.

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Genetic structure analysis of Amblyomma mixtum populations in Veracruz State, Mexico

Aguilar‐Domínguez

Sánchez‐Montes

Esteve-Gassent

et al. 2019

Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases

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Amblyomma mixtum Koch, 1844 parasitizes livestock, humans, and wildlife in Mexico. However, information on population genetics for this tick species in the country is missing. Tick samples were collected from livestock in ten regions across the state of Veracruz (22°28'N, 17°09'S, 93°36'E, 98°39'W) to analyze the genetic structure of A. mixtum populations. Ticks were morphologically identified using taxonomic keys. In order to test the intra-specific variability of A. mixtum fragments of the mitochondrial gene 16S-rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) were amplified. Ninety-six sequences were amplified from the 50 specimens' analyzed (96% amplification success). Eleven haplotypes were detected in 16S-rRNA gene and 10 more for COI. Neutrality tests showed negative results in most of the locations analyzed, which is indicative of an excess of recently derived haplotypes. However, these results were not statistically significant. Minimal union network analysis revealed that there is no separation of populations by geography, and that there is an overlap of several haplotypes among diverse populations. Significant genetic differentiation was not detected in the A. mixtum populations sampled in the state of Veracruz, Mexico, this may be due to the frequent movement of livestock hosts. This is the first report on the genetic structure of A. mixtum populations in Mexico.

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Life cycle of Amblyomma mixtum (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing different hosts under laboratory conditions

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Modeling Potential Habitat for Amblyomma Tick Species in California

Modeling Potential Habitat for Amblyomma Tick Species in California

Morphometrics of Amblyomma mixtum in the State of Veracruz, Mexico

Genetic structure analysis of Amblyomma mixtum populations in Veracruz State, Mexico

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