Life-Cycle Cost of All-Composite Suspension Bridge

Meiarashi, Seishi; Nishizaki, Itaru; Kishima, Takeshi

doi:10.1061/(asce)1090-0268(2002)6:4(206)

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Several limiting assumptions were made; they were: The temperature and composition of the matrix inside the die remains homogeneous. Only drag flow between the outmost of the fiber and the die wall at the land zone is important. A superposed pressure‐driven flow results in a non‐homogeneous shear stress, which is not as effective in orienting HA needles as uniform drag flow. The flattened yarn is approximated as a rectangular block, with surfaces that are parallel to the die‐land surfaces. Only the shear stress acting on the block in the land zone contributes to the pulling force. The compaction force in the tapered region and the shear in the up‐stream sections can be neglected . …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. The compaction force in the tapered region and the shear in the up-stream sections can be neglected [4]. Figure 5 illustrates this simplified flow model.…”

Section: Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Major areas of application include sporting goods (arrows, fishing rods), construction (beams, planks, drain pipe, cable trays, frames), transportation (guard rails, strapping), and miscellaneous (ladders, antennas, fencing, utility poles, etc.) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A modified pultrusion process for preparing composites reinforced with continuous fibers and aligned hydroxyapatite nano needles

et al. 2014

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Of importance to orthopedic procedures are repair materials that can carry significant loads without excessive deformation. In addition, these materials need to be biocompatible, bioabsorbable, and conducive to the replacement of the repair material with native bone. To meet these requirements, we have designed composites using two biocompatible/bioabsorbable polymers, poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA) in fiber form and polycaprolactone (PCL) filled in a carefully designed fashion with nano needles of hydroxyapatite (HA). Discussed in this article is a modified pultrusion process that proved useful for producing suitable composites. In this process, the feed to the pultrusion die is a stabilized suspension of the HA needles in a PCL/MEK solution, whereas the fiber “bundle” is a single yarn containing 360 PLLA fibers. The small scale is needed to maximize the content of HA in the final composite and assure uniformity. Process variables studied include the ratio of HA to PCL in the suspension, the solids content of the suspension and various geometrical variables in the die design that influence the shear‐rate profile along the fiber path. The goal of the pultrusion step is to fill all interstices between the fibers with a PCL matrix that is reinforced with highly aligned HA needles. POLYM. COMPOS., 36:931–938, 2015. © 2014 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. The compaction force in the tapered region and the shear in the up-stream sections can be neglected [4]. Figure 5 illustrates this simplified flow model.…”

Section: Flow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A modified pultrusion process for preparing composites reinforced with continuous fibers and aligned hydroxyapatite nano needles

et al. 2014

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“…However, the literature [36][37][38] demonstrated that using CFRP cables in some cable structures (e.g., cable net facade) can achieve the economic efficiency through considerably reducing the amount of cable used. Furthermore, CFRP cable structures can be economically competitive in some cases, if the life-cycle cost is taken into consideration [46,47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer for Cable Structures—A Review

2015

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Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is an advanced composite material with the advantages of high strength, lightweight, no corrosion and excellent fatigue resistance. Therefore, unidirectional CFRP has great potential for cables and to replace steel cables in cable structures. However, CFRP is a typical orthotropic material and its strength and modulus perpendicular to the fiber direction are much lower than those in the fiber direction, which brings a challenge for anchoring CFRP cables. This paper presents an overview of application of CFRP cables in cable structures, including historical review, state of the art and prospects for the future. After introducing properties of carbon fibers, mechanical characteristics and structural forms of CFRP cables, existing CFRP cable structures in the world (all of them are cable bridges) are reviewed. Especially, their CFRP cable anchorages are presented in detail. New applications for CFRP cables, i.e., cable roofs and cable facades, are also presented, including the introduction of a prototype CFRP cable roof and the conceptual design of a novel structure-CFRP Continuous Band Winding System. In addition, other challenges that impede widespread application of CFRP cable structures are briefly introduced.

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“…More recently, researchers have attempted to include environmental costs in LCCA to consider bridge structure sustainability (Geryasio and da Silva 2008; Kendall et al 2008). LCCA has also been performed on pre-cast composite bridge decks (Hastak et al 2003;Ehlen and Marshall 1996;Ehlen 1999;Meiarashi et al 2002;Nystrom et al 2003;Chandler 2004). Additional work on LCCA was conducted that emphasized inclusion of cost, deterioration, and load uncertainties (Frangopol et al 2001;Thoft-Christensen 2009;Daigle and Lounis 2006;Furuta et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Alternative Reinforcement Materials for Bridge Superstructures Considering Cost and Maintenance Uncertainties

Eamon

Jensen

Grace

et al. 2012

J. Mater. Civ. Eng.

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A life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) was conducted on prestressed concrete bridges using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars and strands. Traditional reinforcement materials of uncoated steel with cathodic protection and epoxy-coated steel were also considered for comparison. A series of deterministic LCCAs were first conducted to identify a range of expected cost outcomes for different bridge spans and traffic volumes. Then, a probabilistic LCCA was conducted on selected structures that included activity timing and cost random variables. It was found that although more expensive initially, the use of CFRP reinforcement has the potential to achieve significant reductions in life cycle cost, having a 95% probability to be the least expensive alternative beginning at year 23-77 after initial construction, depending on the bridge case considered. In terms of life cycle cost, the most effective use of CFRP reinforcement was found to be for an AASHTO beam bridge in a high traffic volume area.

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Life-Cycle Cost of All-Composite Suspension Bridge

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

A modified pultrusion process for preparing composites reinforced with continuous fibers and aligned hydroxyapatite nano needles

A modified pultrusion process for preparing composites reinforced with continuous fibers and aligned hydroxyapatite nano needles

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer for Cable Structures—A Review

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis of Alternative Reinforcement Materials for Bridge Superstructures Considering Cost and Maintenance Uncertainties

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