Life cycle assessment of water-based acrylic floor finish maintenance programs

Thabrew, Lanka; Lloyd, Shannon M.; Cypcar, Christopher C.; Hamilton, John D.; Ries, Robert

doi:10.1065/lca2007.04.323

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…; Unger and Gough ; Thabrew et al. ; Kofoworola and Gheewala ; Chiu et al. ; Büsser and Jungbluth ; Landfield and Karra ): ‐active consumption to perform the function, for example, lifting weight or illuminating ‐active consumption to perform additional functions, such as moving elements or controlling components ‐losses due to imperfections of the system (They generally constitute a percentage of the previous.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…) exchange of spare parts (Kofoworola and Gheewala ; Landfield and Karra ) consumption (of energy and materials) during maintenance (Thabrew et al. ; Kofoworola and Gheewala ; Gasol et al. ; Chiu et al.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Unger and Gough ; Thabrew et al. ; Kofoworola and Gheewala ; Chiu et al. ; Büsser and Jungbluth ; Landfield and Karra ):…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Method for Setting Environmental Targets in Product Development: Incorporating Use‐Phase Impact by Subsystem

Collado-Ruiz¹,

Ostad-Ahmad-Ghorabi²

2015

J of Industrial Ecology

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In order to address environmental aspects during redesign, the product specification must include related targets that are reachable and challenging. To do so, this article presents a stepwise approach for combining benchmarking information and component impact, out of life cycle assessment (LCA) scaling. This approach requires allocating environmental impacts to each subsystem, which is not commonly done for some life cycle phases in LCAs, most particularly for use phases. This article includes a methodology for allocating such impacts. The underlying criterion is avoiding complex calculations, to make the method more agile. This methodology is presented in a full case study of a complex product: a knuckle boom crane. The case study results in the percentage of impact reduction needed to meet the market average or best competitors. In particular, the results show that the cylinders of the crane have a high contribution to environmental impact, not only because of their weight, but also because of the active power consumed to activate them.

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Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Method for Setting Environmental Targets in Product Development: Incorporating Use‐Phase Impact by Subsystem

Collado-Ruiz¹,

Ostad-Ahmad-Ghorabi²

2015

J of Industrial Ecology

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show abstract

“…For concrete, several unit processes were available, and a triangular distribution was developed from the datasets, as there was only limited data in the form of minimum and maximum values. Triangular distribution is used as illustrated in various studies [30,31]. a method which uses aggregate sector-level data for assessing the impact of that sector when purchases are made to and from that sector, to quantify the emissions associated with residential buildings showed that the construction phase is the largest contributor to economic activity as well as to hazardous waste and air emissions while the use phase resulted in significant energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions [24].…”

Section: Raw Materials Extraction and Manufacturing Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Life Cycle Assessment Modeling: Comparative Case Study of Insulating Concrete Forms and Traditional Building Materials

Rajagopalan

Bilec

Landis

2010

Journal of Green Building

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Innovative, sustainable construction products are emerging in response to market demands. One potential product, insulating concrete forms (ICFs), offers possible advantages in energy and environmental performance when compared with traditional construction materials. Even though ICFs are in part derived from a petroleum-based product, the benefits in the use phase outweigh the impacts of the raw material extraction and manufacturing phase. This paper quantitatively measures ICFs' performance through a comparative life cycle assessment of wall sections comprised of ICF and traditional wood-frame. The life cycle stages included raw materials extraction and manufacturing, construction, use and end of life for a 2,450 square foot house in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Results showed that even though building products such as ICFs are energy intensive to produce and thus have higher environmental impacts in the raw materials extraction and manufacturing phase, the use phase dominated in the life cycle. For the use phase, the home constructed of ICFs consumed 20 percent less energy when compared to a traditional wood-frame structure. The results of the impact assessment show that ICFs have higher impacts over wood homes in most impact categories. The high impacts arise from the raw materials extraction and manufacturing phase of ICFs. But there are a number of embedded unit processes such as disposal of solid waste and transport of natural gas that contribute to this high impact and identifying the top unit process and substance contributors to the impact category is not intuitive. Selecting different unit processes or impact assessment methods will yield dissimilar results and the tradeoffs associated with every building product should be considered after studying the entire life cycle in detail.

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“…By repeating this operation a sufficient number of times, a cdf is obtained for the result. Other sampling methods are more adapted to large data sets, such as Latin hypercube, as used by Thabrew et al (2008). Finally, calculations can also be performed analytically using Taylor series expansions to approximate the result's uncertainty, as implemented by Hong et al (2010) and Imbeault-Tétreault et al (2013).…”

Section: Probability Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic and epistemic uncertainty propagation in LCA

Clavreul

Guyonnet²,

Tonini

et al. 2013

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose: When performing uncertainty propagation, most LCA practitioners choose to represent uncertainties by single probability distributions and to propagate them using stochastic methods. However the selection of single probability distributions appears often arbitrary when faced with scarce information or expert judgement (epistemic uncertainty). Possibility theory has been developed over the last decades to address this problem. The objective of this study is to present a methodology that combines probability and possibility theories to represent stochastic and epistemic uncertainties in a consistent manner and apply it to LCA. A case study is used to show the uncertainty propagation performed with the proposed method and compare it to propagation performed using probability and possibility theories alone.Methods: Basic knowledge on the probability theory is first recalled, followed by a detailed description of epistemic uncertainty representation using fuzzy intervals. The propagation methods used are the Monte Carlo analysis for probability distribution and an optimisation on alpha-cuts for fuzzy intervals. The proposed method (noted IRS) generalizes the process of random sampling to probability distributions as well as fuzzy intervals, thus making the simultaneous use of both representations possible.Results and discussion: The results highlight the fundamental difference between the probabilistic and possibilistic representations: while the Monte Carlo analysis generates a single probability distribution, the IRS method yields a family of probability distributions bounded by an upper and a lower distribution.The distance between these two bounds is the consequence of the incomplete character of information pertaining to certain parameters. In a real situation, an excessive distance between these two bounds might motivate the decision-maker to increase the information base regarding certain critical parameters, in order to reduce the uncertainty. Such a decision could not ensue from a purely probabilistic calculation based on subjective (postulated) distributions (despite lack of information), because there is no way of distinguishing, in the variability of the calculated result, what comes from true randomness and what comes from incomplete information.Conclusions: The method presented offers the advantage of putting the focus on the information rather than deciding a priori of how to represent it. If the information is rich, then a purely statistical representation mode is adequate, but if the information is scarce, then it may be better conveyed by possibility distributions.3

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Life cycle assessment of water-based acrylic floor finish maintenance programs

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Method for Setting Environmental Targets in Product Development: Incorporating Use‐Phase Impact by Subsystem

Method for Setting Environmental Targets in Product Development: Incorporating Use‐Phase Impact by Subsystem

Residential Life Cycle Assessment Modeling: Comparative Case Study of Insulating Concrete Forms and Traditional Building Materials

Stochastic and epistemic uncertainty propagation in LCA

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