Life Cycle Assessment of Steel Production

Hu, Jiang; Gao, Feng; Wang, Zhi Hong; Gong, Xian Zheng

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.787.102

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similarly, the generation of energy such as coal, crude oil, natural gas [17], diesel oil, gasoline [18] and heavy oil [19], are all taken into account in the view of life cycle. In addition, the auxiliary materials such as steel [20] and limestone [21] were also considered in the system.…”

Section: Inventory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Cathode Copper Production

Gong

Wang

et al. 2017

MSF

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The environmental impact of Chinese cathode copper production was identified and quantified in the context of pyrometallurgy ical and hydrometallurgical method by life cycle approach. Combined with the situation of copper resources in China, the copper ores mining, mineral processing, transportation and smelting sector, were analyzed in detail. The normalization results shows that abiotic depletion is the largest environmental impact in both Pyro-and hydro-metallurgical methods, which were 28.4 kg Sb eq and 32.0 kg Sb eq, respectively. Electrolytic refining is the key process in hydrometallurgical life cycle environmental burden (50.21%), and the mining process contributed the largest environmental impact (17.94%) in pyrometallurgical process. In addition, the total environmental burden of pyrometallurgical process is 1.15 times of hydrometallurgical process. Pyrometallurgical methods has many environmental impact category which were much higher than hydrometallurgical because of the more use of fossil fuels in smelting process. Based on the life cycle assessment results, the key factors to reduce the overall environmental impact for China’s cathode copper production include optimizing the efficiency of copper resource, and clean energy sources for electricity production.

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Section: Inventory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Cathode Copper Production

Gong

Wang

et al. 2017

MSF

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“…In addition, an LCA study on a steel industry in China found that the total impact on the global warming category was 1042.8 kg CO2 eq, slightly lower than the total impact on global warming in this study. However, in that study, the steel melting process used the basic oxygen furnace [13]. Figure 3 show the impact contribution of each raw material in the steel production process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Impact Assessment of Steel Production in Indonesia : A Case Study

Alyarahma,

Sari,

Kurniawan

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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One of the biggest energy consumers and CO2 emitters in the world is the steel sector. With the growth in infrastructure construction, steel output has risen year over year. Therefore, a life cycle assessment of inputs and outputs at each stage of the steel manufacturing process is necessary to enable the adoption of life cycle management and offer sustainable production and consumption. The Life Cycle Assessment method is employed in this study to assess the environmental effects of steel manufacturing in Indonesia. The CML-IA baseline method, which assesses several impact categories including global warming, ozone layer depletion, acidification, and eutrophication, and others impact was used in this study and SimaPro 9.2 software was used to calculate the environmental impact of steel production. According to the findings, the largest contributors to the overall impact are the electric arc furnace, rolling mills, ladle furnaces, which use chemicals, and reheating furnaces, which use LPG. The entire impact of the steel manufacturing process on global warming, using a functional unit of 1 ton steel, is 1215.17 kg CO2 eq, of which the Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) contributes 477.37 kg CO2 eq, or 39% of the total CO2 emissions. Based on these findings, an effort is therefore required to reduce the consumption of fuel in the reheating furnace as well as electricity in the EAF and rolling mills.

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“…In Cut-off approach, PFP in BOF is 2.308kgCO 2 e/kg, the main materials of input and output as shown in Figure 1; A, B, C, D plants' PFP are 0.996, 1.002, 1.044, 1.072kgCO 2 e/kg, respectively [19]. Computational process of waste valuable method is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocation of the Environmental Impact in Iron and Steel Industry

Zhang

Gao

Wang

2017

MSF

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Life cycle assessment (LCA) can provide technical support for environmental management in China. However, there is no consensus on allocation method in inventory analysis. According to the World Steel Association (WAS), the environmental impact, life cycle environmental load and environmental benefit of China's iron and steel industry should be considerd when investing scrap iron and steel. The results of this study show that according to the different allocation methods, the environmental impact of China's iron and steel industry will be divided into 3 methods: 1) not considering environmental load and environmental benefit of the environment (Cut-off approach); 2) considering the environmental load or environmental benefits (Waste evaluation method) and 3) considering environmental load and environmental benefits (Recycling benefits method). The environmental impact of Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steel billet is raising by using the waste evaluation method compared with that of basic oxygen furnace (BOF), which are all decreased by using the cut-off approach. Recycling benefits method compared with Cut-off approach that the BOF hot rolled steel coil (HRC) environmental impact, the environmental impact of EAF steel billet all decreased, and leading the BOF hot rolled steel coil environmental impact to a larger proportion of the environmental impact.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Steel Production

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Life Cycle Assessment of Cathode Copper Production

Life Cycle Assessment of Cathode Copper Production

Environmental Impact Assessment of Steel Production in Indonesia : A Case Study

Allocation of the Environmental Impact in Iron and Steel Industry

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