Life cycle assessment of lithium ion battery from water-based manufacturing for electric vehicles

Shen, Kang; Zhai, Qiang; Gu, Yu; Wang, Weibo; Cao, Huajun; Hauschild, Michael; Yuan, Chris

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107152

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…In this matter, the importance of the lithium-ion battery is highlighted in [23] that analyses the life cycle assessment of the related water-based manufacturing, finding reductions in energy consumption (4.5%) and in all environmental impact categories (3.0∼85%) compared to the conventional battery pack. Focusing attention on the recycling phase of the batteries, ref.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrifying Green Logistics: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles

Oliveri,

D’Urso,

Trapani

et al. 2023

Energies

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Green logistics is an approach aimed at reducing the environmental impact of transport, storage, and distribution practices, through low-emission vehicles, optimized routes, clean energy tech in warehouses, and efficient waste management. These solutions can contribute to achieving the sustainable development goals of the European Green Deal. The main research question of this paper is whether an electric vehicle has a lower environmental impact compared to a gasoline vehicle. This study presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) of an electric vehicle using lithium-ion battery technology (BEV) and compares it to an internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV), considering the transportable load within the context of Italy. Through a gate-to-grave approach, both vehicles’ life cycle use and disposal phases were evaluated to identify the hotspots of environmental impact. The LCA methodology allows for an objective comparison and the results show that BEV emits slightly less kgCO2eq than ICEVs. The primary contributor to the vehicles’ impact is the dependency of the electric energy primary source from fossil fuels. Therefore, a second analysis was conducted to analyse the benefit of photovoltaic panels to generate the electric energy, showing that it can result in a significant 50% reduction in impact, making the electric vehicle a valid solution for achieving green logistics objectives. However, the questions of electric energy production, management, and distribution together with the supply of raw material and disposal of lithium batteries remain open. This issue raises a concern regarding the BEV in a country like Italy where the lack of recharging points limits the adoption of electric vehicles in green logistics.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrifying Green Logistics: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles

Oliveri,

D’Urso,

Trapani

et al. 2023

Energies

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Enabling Aqueous Processing of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes via Systematic Modification of Biopolymer (Polysaccharide)‐Based Binders

Albers,

Timmermann,

Brake

et al. 2024

Adv Energy and Sustain Res

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Aqueous processing of lithium (ion) battery cathodes based on Ni‐rich layered oxides like LiNi0.83Co0.12Mn0.05O2 (NCM) can reduce costs, increase sustainability, and pave the way for F‐free, e.g., biopolymeric binders, however, the degradation of water‐sensitive Ni‐rich NCM remains a challenge. Besides strategies like NCM coatings and processing additives, customized binders can be performance‐decisive via impacting both, electrode processing aspects (paste viscosity, particle dispersibility, etc.) and chemical interactions with NCM surface, though, a distinction between these two impacting factors is difficult given their mutual influences. For this reason, a bifunctional binder system is chosen in this work, i.e., highly viscous xanthan and low viscous pullulan, both polysaccharides known from the food industry, which realize constant viscosity and processing, finally enabling systematic investigation of binder modifications (here pullulan) with various side groups. In fact, while the rate performance remains constant, suggesting a similar composite network with comparable electronic and ionic conductivities, the modified binders affect the NCM||graphite cycle life, where a higher substitution degree of carboxymethylated pullulan can even compete with N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone/polyvinylidene difluoride state‐of‐the‐art system at conventional upper charge voltage (4.2 V); while at 4.5 V water‐reasoned NCM damages get obvious, as seen by enhanced electrode cross‐talk via transition metal deposition on anode.

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A critical comparison of LCA calculation models for the power lithium-ion battery in electric vehicles during use-phase

Chen,

Lai,

Chen

et al. 2024

Energy

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Life cycle assessment of lithium ion battery from water-based manufacturing for electric vehicles

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Electrifying Green Logistics: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles

Electrifying Green Logistics: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electric and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles

Enabling Aqueous Processing of Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes via Systematic Modification of Biopolymer (Polysaccharide)‐Based Binders

A critical comparison of LCA calculation models for the power lithium-ion battery in electric vehicles during use-phase

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