Life Cycle Assessment of Hydrogen Production via Natural Gas Steam Reforming

Spath, Pamela L.; Mann, Margaret

doi:10.2172/764485

Cited by 307 publications

(234 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This impact can be 34 reduced improving manufacturing process, but also recycling of the materials at the end of the life of the battery. This is confirmed by another study [49], which considers more Li-based chemistries: the 1 production of the cathode and anode materials represents a significant slice on the impact of the 2 whole battery, in particular because of the use of metals like chromium, cobalt and nickel. Another energy is used only for the fuel cell, and they do not contribute to the energy storage for the house.…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

A comparison of energy storage from renewable sources through batteries and fuel cells: A case study in Turin, Italy

Belmonte

Girgenti

Florian³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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The need for storage of energy produced from renewable sources is increasing in the last decades, due to uneven energy production from these sources and to the need to run systems located in off grid areas. In this paper, two alternative integrated power systems were taken into account and compared: one based on photovoltaic and hydrogen technology (electrolyzer coupled with a fuel cell), the other based on photovoltaic and batteries. The two power systems, designed for off-grid applications, were sized on the basis of load curves created starting from possible appliances in use of a family house, and on the photovoltaic energy production in the area of Turin, Italy. They have to provide 3 kW maximum power, with an average daily consumption of 10.25 kWh in winter, 8.96 kWh in spring and autumn and 8.62 kWh in summer. The two systems were compared from a technical and economical point of view and a preliminary Life Cycle Assessment analysis (LCA) was performed, in order to describe the environmental impact of the systems. Being the fuel cell and the electrolyzer niche products from a commercial point of view, their costs are higher with respect to Li-ion batteries, therefore, power system based on the hydrogen technology results to be more expensive. However, from the environmental point of view the preliminary LCA results show that both electrolyzer plus fuel cell, and batteries have lower impacts with respect to other components, for example the solar panels. The paper contains new data on a comparison between two alternative integrated power systems: one based on photovoltaic and hydrogen technology (elctrolyzer coupled with fuel cells), the other based on photovoltaic and batteries. These systems were designed starting from the photovoltaic energy production in the area of Turin, Italy and load curves created from possible appliances in use of a family house in the same region. The two systems were compared from a technical and economical point of view and a preliminary Life Cycle Assessment analysis (LCA) was performed, in order to give an idea of the environmental impact of the systems. In the introduction it is more clearly stated the knowledge gap that can be filled with the present article, i.e. the lack of papers that compare the hydrogen technology and the battery as energy storage systems using three parameters (system's sizing, costs analysis and LCA). Moreover, a more complete survey of the literature was made, paying particular attention to papers published in Applied Energy and others top energy journals. Università degli Studi di TorinoI look forward to hear from you. Sincerely yours Paola RizziCover Letter Design and sizing of two power systems for off-grid applications in Turin area. Comparison of energy storage systems: electrolyzer coupled with fuel cell and battery Cost analysis show that power system based on hydrogen technology is more expensive LCA shows that electrolyzer + fuel cell has lower impact with respect to solar panels *Highlights (for review) 1 Energy storage from ren...

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confidence: 64%

A comparison of energy storage from renewable sources through batteries and fuel cells: A case study in Turin, Italy

Belmonte

Girgenti

Florian³

et al. 2016

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…Many studies have been published that report life cycle approaches to the hydrogen production process. For example, life cycle inventory (LCI) analyses have been published that calculate the life cycle GHG emissions for hydrogen produced from steam reforming of NG [27][28][29][30][31][32], coal gasification [29,31,32], and renewably powered electrolysis of water [30][31][32][33]. Specifically, Kato [34] took an economic approach and estimated the final cost in Japan of hydrogen produced in South Australia, Norway and the Middle East.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing Uncertainties of Well-To-Tank Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Supply Chains

Ozawa

Inoue²,

Kitagawa

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier in the clean energy systems currently being developed. However, its effectiveness in mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions requires conducting a lifecycle analysis of the process by which hydrogen is produced and supplied. This study focuses on the hydrogen for the transport sector, in particular renewable hydrogen that is produced from wind-or solar PV-powered electrolysis. A life cycle inventory analysis is conducted to evaluate the Well-to-Tank (WtT) GHG emissions from various renewable hydrogen supply chains. The stages of the supply chains include hydrogen being produced overseas, converted into a transportable hydrogen carrier (liquid hydrogen or methylcyclohexane), imported to Japan by sea, distributed to hydrogen filling stations, restored from the hydrogen carrier to hydrogen and filled into fuel cell vehicles. For comparison, an analysis is also carried out with hydrogen produced by steam reforming of natural gas. Foreground data related to the hydrogen supply chains are collected by literature surveys and the Japanese life cycle inventory database is used as the background data. The analysis results indicate that some of renewable hydrogen supply chains using liquid hydrogen exhibited significantly lower WtT GHG emissions than those of a supply chain of hydrogen produced by reforming of natural gas. A significant piece of the work is to consider the impacts of variations in the energy and material inputs by performing a probabilistic uncertainty analysis. This suggests that the production of renewable hydrogen, its liquefaction, the dehydrogenation of methylcyclohexane and the compression of hydrogen at the filling station are the GHG-intensive stages in the target supply chains.

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“…Ammonia production for fertilizer accounts for 2-3% of the total global energy consumption 4 , so the use of methanation to purify the hydrogen stream represents an enormous global energy loss. The US National Renewable Energy Laboratory estimates 11.9 kg of CO 2 equivalents are produced for every kilogram of H 2 produced 5 . Consequently, to prevent the (estimated) loss of 1.2 million tons of H 2 used in methanation would eliminate the release of 15 million tons of CO 2 equivalents annually.…”

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confidence: 99%

Controlling activity and selectivity using water in the Au-catalysed preferential oxidation of CO in H2

et al. 2016

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Life Cycle Assessment of Hydrogen Production via Natural Gas Steam Reforming

Cited by 307 publications

References 7 publications

A comparison of energy storage from renewable sources through batteries and fuel cells: A case study in Turin, Italy

A comparison of energy storage from renewable sources through batteries and fuel cells: A case study in Turin, Italy

Assessing Uncertainties of Well-To-Tank Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydrogen Supply Chains

Controlling activity and selectivity using water in the Au-catalysed preferential oxidation of CO in H2

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