Life Cycle Assessment of Embodied Carbon in Buildings: Background, Approaches and Advancements

Khan, Sahil; Alam, Tabish; Khan, Mohammad Saaim; Blecich, Paolo; Kamal, Mohammad Arif; Gupta, Naveen Kumar; Yadav, Anil Singh

doi:10.3390/buildings12111944

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…In addition, this study found that, for construction managers, energy efficiency is easier to implement and easier to promote than carbon emission reduction. Likewise, Khan, S.A. [39] et al argue that various types of energy-reduction measures can help to minimize carbon emissions at all levels, while being cheaper to invest in and easier to incentivize government policies to promote.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions in the Construction Stage of Large Public Buildings and an Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on an Improved STIRPAT Model

Chen

et al. 2022

Buildings

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Compared to general public and residential buildings, large public buildings are often difficult to construct and have a long construction period, creating greater construction energy consumption and carbon emissions on the one hand, while generating a large amount and many types of difficult-to-track process data on the other. As such, it is difficult to measure carbon emissions and analyze various influencing factors. By realizing the simple calculation of energy consumption and carbon emissions, as well as discerning the degree of influence of various factors based on the results of influencing factors research, it is of considerable practical significance to propose energy savings and emission reductions in a targeted manner. In view of the above, this work aimed to establish a more practical calculation method to measure energy consumption and carbon emissions in the construction of large public buildings, as well as to identify the multiple influencing factors related to energy consumption and carbon emissions during the construction process. To demonstrate the practicality of our approach, quantitative calculations are carried out for a new terminal building in a certain place and from the perspective of sustainable urban construction; thus, the driving factors of the traditional STIRPAT model are extended to seven. Based on the calculation results, a modified STIRPAT model is used to analyze the comparative study of impact factors, such as population and construction machinery performance, on energy consumption and carbon emission intensity. The results show the following: (1) The energy consumption value per square meter of this terminal building is 3.43 kgce/m2, and the average carbon emission per square meter is about 13.88 kgCO2/m2, which is much larger than the national average of 6.96 kgCO2/m2, and (2) the type of energy used in the construction process has the greatest degree of influence on energy consumption and carbon emission, and the local GDP, population factor, construction machinery performance specifications, and shift usage also show a positive correlation with the growth of total energy consumption and carbon emissions. Moreover, while the government’s continuous investment in energy conservation and environmental protection has reduced the total energy consumption and carbon emissions in construction, there is still considerable room for improvement. Finally, according to the results, we provide theoretical references and constructive suggestions for the low-carbon construction of large public buildings in the construction stage. Thus, the results of our study will allow policy makers to formulate appropriate policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions in the Construction Stage of Large Public Buildings and an Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on an Improved STIRPAT Model

Chen

et al. 2022

Buildings

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“…The research delves into often-overlooked considerations regarding end-of-life implications in carbon footprint evaluations [106]. By scrutinizing deconstruction, transportation, reuse/recycling, and disposal phases, this study underscores the significance of responsible waste management practices in curtailing the environmental impact of glamping structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of the Carbon Footprint of Wooden Glamping Structures by Life Cycle Assessment

Sebestyén

2024

Sustainability

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Despite the increasing popularity of glamping structures, empirical studies often overlook the carbon impact of wood in these constructions, creating a significant research gap. Understanding the net carbon effect of wood in glamping structures is crucial for informing sustainable building practices. This paper aims to quantitatively compare the net carbon impact of wood in glamping structures, filling a notable gap in the current research literature. The investigation undertakes a thorough evaluation employing a life cycle methodology, appraising the emissions linked with the complete glamping life span. Seven Romanian companies are examined vertically within the glamping production chain and horizontally across the supply value chain. The investigation unveils a notable discovery: the integration of wood within glamping yields considerable carbon sequestration, wherein the wood employed sequesters 36.83 metric tons of CO2 per glamping unit. This surpasses the carbon emissions entailed throughout the entirety of the glamping life cycle, ranging from 9.97 to 11.72 metric tons of carbon. Remarkably, a single wood-incorporated glamping structure has the capacity to sequester approximately 25 metric tons of carbon within a span of 50 years. In summary, the investigation underscores the capacity of responsibly sourced timber to function as a carbon reservoir, proficiently counterbalancing emissions across the entirety of the construction life cycle. The findings underscore the importance of sustainably sourced wood in achieving carbon neutrality and provide valuable insights for promoting sustainable building practices. This methodology has broad applicability beyond glamping structures, holding potential for replication and scalability across various sectors and regions, thereby contributing to global efforts towards mitigating climate change and fostering positive environmental change.

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“…For example, Ref. [82] emphasizes the importance of research on embodied carbon emissions in the construction industry and reviews the research background, methods, and progress of embodied carbon. However, the results of this study suggest that although there has been some progress in assessing the embodied carbon of buildings, there are still barriers to reducing carbon emissions.…”

Section: Research Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the field of carbon emissions in the construction industry, uncertainty includes models, parameters, methods, future scenarios, etc. [78,82]. Carbon neutrality can be understood as carbon emissions equal to or less than carbon sink values, sometimes also known as net zero emissions.…”

Section: Research Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientometric Analysis and Visualization of Carbon Emission Studies in the Construction Industry

Luo,

Yang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Buildings

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The field of carbon emissions in the construction industry has drawn extensive attention from researchers and practitioners due to the issue of global warming. In this study, an in-depth analysis of the research status, trends, and frontiers in the field of carbon emissions in the construction industry was carried out. The CiteSpace tool was used to visualize and analyze relevant papers from 1985 to 2023, to describe the overall knowledge structure in the field of carbon emissions in the construction industry using dual-map overlay analysis, journal co-citation network analysis, and keyword co-occurrence network analysis, to apply cluster analysis and burst detection to identify research trends in the field and the frontiers, and to analyze the scientific collaborations in the field. Further, the core issues in the field of carbon emissions in the construction industry were explored and relevant recommendations were proposed. The results are of great significance in identifying and analyzing knowledge systems and research patterns in the field of carbon emissions in the construction industry and help us to discover and understand the current deficiencies, trends, and frontiers in this field, thus providing useful suggestions and reflections for policymakers, practitioners, researchers, and other stakeholders.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Embodied Carbon in Buildings: Background, Approaches and Advancements

Cited by 24 publications

References 70 publications

Calculation of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions in the Construction Stage of Large Public Buildings and an Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on an Improved STIRPAT Model

Calculation of Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions in the Construction Stage of Large Public Buildings and an Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on an Improved STIRPAT Model

Evaluation of the Carbon Footprint of Wooden Glamping Structures by Life Cycle Assessment

Scientometric Analysis and Visualization of Carbon Emission Studies in the Construction Industry

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