Life Cycle Assessment of Biorefinery Products Based on Different Allocation Approaches

Karka, Paraskevi; Papadokonstantakis, Stavros; Hungerbühler, Konrad; Kokossis, Antonis

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63576-1.50123-0

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…行前瞻性 LCA，但由于纳米技术的特性尚不清楚，其环境影响无法评估 [39] 。其次，与新兴技术有关的经验不足导致难以确定环境影响评价的相关特征因子是否会随着时间和地理范围产生变化 [9] ，对评价结果造成影响。此外，实景数据和背景数据的不确定也会进一步影响 LCIA 的结果。中点指标有助于识别特定环境问题，参数不确定性较低。终点指标着眼于评估技术对人体健康、生态破坏和资源耗竭产生的影响，参数不确定性较高 [75] 。在所分析的的 12 篇生物基材料的前瞻性 LCA 研究中， 8 篇采用了中点指标进行评价 [47,48,53,66,[76][77][78][79] 。此外， Arvidsson 等 [80] 别，并避免负担转移 [13] ，以更加全面地评估新兴技术的潜在风险。如 Zackrisson 等 [81] 决策 [17] 。 LCA 不确定性可以分为 3 种：变量不确定性、情景不确定性和建模不确定性 [82] 。这 3 种不确定性同样出现在前瞻性 LCA 当中。变量不确定性是指输入数据的不确定性。情景不确定性为情景选择不同导致的不确定性，包括功能单位、时空选择和系统边界等的不确定性。建模不确定性主要来自于 LCA 中使用的不同数学模型导致的结果差异，其中包括生命周期影响评价选择的指标和特征因子不同所引起的差异 [83] 。建模不确定性可以通过使用统…”

Section: 技术阶段unclassified

Prospective life cycle assessment targeting the dual-carbon strategy: Progress review and methodological framework

ZHANG,

GAO,

TIAN

et al. 2023

资源科学

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Section: 技术阶段unclassified

Prospective life cycle assessment targeting the dual-carbon strategy: Progress review and methodological framework

ZHANG,

GAO,

TIAN

et al. 2023

资源科学

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“…Therefore, allocation methods varied by system expansion, monetary value, mass (wet or dry), energy and C-content [ 114 ], which may influence the results of LCA studies. Karka et al [ 120 ] assessed the effect of various allocation strategies on LCA results of multi-product biofuel refineries. They figured deviation in the results according to the allocation method followed.…”

Section: Lifecycle Assessment and Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioengineering to Accelerate Biodiesel Production for a Sustainable Biorefinery

et al. 2022

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Biodiesel is an alternative, carbon-neutral fuel compared to fossil-based diesel, which can reduce greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. Biodiesel is a product of microorganisms, crop plants, and animal-based oil and has the potential to prosper as a sustainable and renewable energy source and tackle growing energy problems. Biodiesel has a similar composition and combustion properties to fossil diesel and thus can be directly used in internal combustion engines as an energy source at the commercial level. Since biodiesel produced using edible/non-edible crops raises concerns about food vs. fuel, high production cost, monocropping crisis, and unintended environmental effects, such as land utilization patterns, it is essential to explore new approaches, feedstock and technologies to advance the production of biodiesel and maintain its sustainability. Adopting bioengineering methods to produce biodiesel from various sources such as crop plants, yeast, algae, and plant-based waste is one of the recent technologies, which could act as a promising alternative for creating genuinely sustainable, technically feasible, and cost-competitive biodiesel. Advancements in genetic engineering have enhanced lipid production in cellulosic crops and it can be used for biodiesel generation. Bioengineering intervention to produce lipids/fat/oil (TGA) and further their chemical or enzymatic transesterification to accelerate biodiesel production has a great future. Additionally, the valorization of waste and adoption of the biorefinery concept for biodiesel production would make it eco-friendly, cost-effective, energy positive, sustainable and fit for commercialization. A life cycle assessment will not only provide a better understanding of the various approaches for biodiesel production and waste valorization in the biorefinery model to identify the best technique for the production of sustainable biodiesel, but also show a path to draw a new policy for the adoption and commercialization of biodiesel.

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“…Allocation can be a critical issue when dealing with the LCA of innovations (Hospido et al 2010;Hetherington et al 2014). In particular, the choice of the allocation approach could have a remarkable influence on the results, especially when dealing with biorefineries and their multifunctional products (Singh et al 2010;Wang et al 2011;Ahlgren et al 2015;Karka et al 2015;Sandin et al 2015;Djomo et al 2017). Therefore, different allocation approaches are evaluated and compared for the systems considered in this study.…”

Section: Main Assumptions Allocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of lignin side-streams from biorefineries as fuel or co-product? Life cycle analysis of bio-ethanol and pulp production processes

Secchi

Castellani

Orlandi

et al. 2019

BioRes

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Increasing the profitability of lignin side-streams is a challenge in the scientific community. Lignin residue originates from black liquor and lignin cake, which are residues from pulp and bio-ethanol production. This paper presents a life cycle assessment study to investigate how pulp and bio-ethanol processes vary in their environmental performance when a fraction of lignin is removed and to identify the best alternative energy source. Fossil energy, natural gas, and cogeneration were evaluated as heat and power alternative sources. The results showed that lignin removal does not considerably affect the environmental performance of the baseline systems and does not generate a relevant risk of “burdens shifting.” Natural gas was the best alternative of power source in a bio-ethanol system, whereas cogeneration showed better compatibility with pulp mills. For the analyzed systems, the necessary allocation distributed the impact contributions between the main products (bio-ethanol/pulp) and the co-products (lignin-cake/black liquor), counterbalancing the impact increase due to the introduction of the new heat, electricity supply, and additional treatment aimed at lignin extraction. Finally, sensitivity analyses confirmed the low influence on the results of the substitution ratio.

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Life Cycle Assessment of Biorefinery Products Based on Different Allocation Approaches

Cited by 7 publications

References 3 publications

Prospective life cycle assessment targeting the dual-carbon strategy: Progress review and methodological framework

Prospective life cycle assessment targeting the dual-carbon strategy: Progress review and methodological framework

Bioengineering to Accelerate Biodiesel Production for a Sustainable Biorefinery

Use of lignin side-streams from biorefineries as fuel or co-product? Life cycle analysis of bio-ethanol and pulp production processes

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