“…They provided a four-layered structure (perception access layer, data layer, service layer and application layer) to address the issues of the existing LCA technologies such as Gabi, SimaPro, eBalance, etc. On the similar lines, Van Capelleveen et al (2018) provided a hybrid approach for real-time collection, storage and distribution of inventory data and named it “The Footprint of Things.” They pointed out that the major problem with LCA application is the inventory data collection which is time consuming, complex and expensive, but using IoT technologies such as RFID, fiber optic sensors, smart meters, etc., the issue of inventory data collection can be resolved (for more details on LCA, refer Piewkhaow et al , 2014; Almeida et al , 2015).…”