“…The foreground processes considered in this LCA include silica sand, silicon metal, polysilicon, single-crystal ingots, wafers, PV cells, modules, single-axis trackers, inverters, transformers, and other balance-of-system (BOS) components, as well as installation, maintenance, and EOL stages as shown in Figure 2. Compilation of life cycle inventory data began with a literature review prioritizing PV LCAs published since 2018 (Frischknecht et al 2020b;Heidari and Anctil 2022;Lunardi et al 2018;Müller et al 2021;Méndez et al 2021;Danelli et al In Review;Leccisi, Lorenz, and Fthenakis 2023;Antonanzas, Arbeloa-Ibero, and Quinn 2019;Pu et al 2021). However, EOL LCAs drew from earlier publications (Stolz et al 2017;Ravikumar et al 2016;Latunussa et al 2016).…”