Life-cycle air emissions from PV power systems

Watt, Muriel; Johnson, Anina; Ellis, Michael W.; Outhred, Hugh

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-159x(199803/04)6:2<127::aid-pip214>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 66 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…With the energy payback time value of 4.9 years for design alternative No.1 and 6.0 years for design alternative No.2, the results are higher than the typical energy payback times of solar combisystems (without long-term storage capacity) ranging from 2.0 to 4.3 years [20]. Yet, such difference is easily explained by the higher overall efficiency of power plants in Quebec (73.1%) compared to Germany (35.0%).…”

Section: Life Cycle Energy Usementioning

confidence: 78%

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Residential Solar-Based Seasonal Thermal Storage Systems in Cold Climates: Building Envelope and Thermal Storage

Hugo

Zmeureanu

2012

Energies

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Abstract:The reduction of electricity use for heating and domestic hot water in cold climates can be achieved by: (1) reducing the heating loads through the improvement of the thermal performance of house envelopes, and (2) using solar energy through a residential solar-based thermal storage system. First, this paper presents the life cycle energy and cost analysis of a typical one-storey detached house, located in Montreal, Canada. Simulation of annual energy use is performed using the TRNSYS software. Second, several design alternatives with improved thermal resistance for walls, ceiling and windows, increased overall air tightness, and increased window-to-wall ratio of South facing windows are evaluated with respect to the life cycle energy use, life cycle emissions and life cycle cost. The solution that minimizes the energy demand is chosen as a reference house for the study of long-term thermal storage. Third, the computer simulation of a solar heating system with solar thermal collectors and long-term thermal storage capacity is presented. Finally, the life cycle cost and life cycle energy use of the solar combisystem are estimated for flat-plate solar collectors and evacuated tube solar collectors, respectively, for the economic and climatic conditions of this study.

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Section: Life Cycle Energy Usementioning

confidence: 78%

“…The energy yield ratio (EYR) was defined as how many times the energy invested in the manufacturing of combisystem was returned by the system in its entire life span [20]. Higher ratio values show better performance.…”

Section: Life Cycle Energy Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Residential Solar-Based Seasonal Thermal Storage Systems in Cold Climates: Building Envelope and Thermal Storage

Hugo

Zmeureanu

2012

Energies

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“…Again the average carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) equivalent intensity of electricity generation from coal is approximately 0.982 kg of CO 2 /kWh at power plant [27,28]. Thus, for unit power consumption by the consumer the amount of CO 2 emission is 2.08×0.982=2.04 kg.…”

Section: Carbon Credit Earned By Pvt Mixed Mode Dryermentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of PVT Mixed Mode Dryer with Load Condition

Tiwari¹

2017

J Fundam Renewable Energy Appl

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In this communication, an attempt has been made to evaluate the performance of mixed mode dryer consists of PVT air collectors and wooden made drying chamber with load condition. Based on energy balances of PVT air collectors and conventional collector, an expression for outlet air temperature of PVT air collector has been derived. Further by using the rate of thermal energy available from PVT air collector, an analytical expression for crop temperatures has also been derived in terms of design and climatic parameters of New Delhi and experimentally validated. The validation of analytical model has been carried out for cauliflower with thin layer drying for last day of drying with reasonable assumptions. It has been observed that the drying time for a half kilogram of cauliflower is achieved in 21 hours due to larger size of the samples. The annual overall thermal energy and exergy were 396.48 kWh and 46.52 kWh respectively. The energy payback time (EPBT) was increased from 3.17 years on thermal energy basis to 27.03 years on exergy basis for mixed mode dryer. The energy production factor and life cycle conversion efficiency were found to be smaller on exergy basis compared to thermal energy basis. For a life time of 30 year the carbon credits earned on overall thermal energy basis was $ 727.9 and on overall exergy basis it was $ 85.5.

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“…There are still emissions from manufacturing, transportation and disposal throughout the life cycle of the system [6], [7], [8].…”

Section: Reducing Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sizing stand-alone hybrid generation for seasonal irrigation pumping

Carroquino¹,

López²,

Agustín³

2011

REPQJ

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Abstract. This paper studies the generation to feed three stand-alone existing pumping systems in the province of Zaragoza (Spain), in the same area but with different consumption and irrigation needs. All of them are used only for half the year. We look for the optimal size of the generation mix, both economically and in reducing emissions.For simulation and optimization the program used is HOGA (Hybrid Optimization by Genetic Algorithms). It is considered diesel generation, photovoltaic and wind as well as storage. As renewable resources are almost identical in the three locations, the magnitude of energy demand and schedule are the distinctive parameters of each facility. We considered how to choose the optimum angle of the PV array, the preference between the solar and wind and the desirability of whether or not the diesel generator.The results show the importance of seasonality and time consumption profile to determine the generation mix and to choose the optimum inclination of the field of photovoltaic conversion. Results also show that most emissions reductions are not always obtained by removing the genset.

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Life-cycle air emissions from PV power systems

Cited by 66 publications

References 5 publications

Residential Solar-Based Seasonal Thermal Storage Systems in Cold Climates: Building Envelope and Thermal Storage

Residential Solar-Based Seasonal Thermal Storage Systems in Cold Climates: Building Envelope and Thermal Storage

Performance Evaluation of PVT Mixed Mode Dryer with Load Condition

Sizing stand-alone hybrid generation for seasonal irrigation pumping

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