Life-course social and economic circumstances, gender, and resilience in older adults: The longitudinal International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS)

Phillips, Susan P.; Auais, Mohammad; Bélanger, Emmanuelle; Alvarado, Beatriz; Zunzunégui, Maria-Victoria

doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.09.007

Cited by 37 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The mean level of resilience in this study was consistent with the results of another study in Iran (Izadi-Avanji, Kondabi, Reza Afazel, Akbari, & Zeraati-Nasrabady, 2017). In contrast, Phillips et al reported a similar level of resilience in elderly men and women (Phillips, Auais, Belanger, Alvarado, & Zunzunegui, 2016). In another study in England, the level of resilience in elderly women was higher than that in elderly men (Netuveli, Wiggins, Montgomery, Hildon, & Blane, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The relationship between meaning in life and resilience in older adults: a cross-sectional study

Mohseni¹,

Iranpour²,

Naghibzadeh‐Tahami³

et al. 2019

Health Psychology Report

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health psychology report • volume 7(2), 9 original article background Meaning in life has been considered necessary for the psychological well-being of older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between meaning in life and resilience in the elderly in Kerman, Iran. participants and procedure In this cross-sectional study, 300 older adults (aged more than 60 years) were included using the multistage sampling method in Kerman in 2018. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to investigate the resilience status, and for assessing meaning of life, Steger's meaning in life questionnaire was employed. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation, chi-square, t-test, ANOVA and linear regression by IBM SPSS V21. results The mean age of participants was 67.3 ±7.9 years. Resilience status was significantly different in terms of gender (p = .021), educational status (p = .032), and self-reported health status (p = .003). There was a significant positive relationship between meaning in life and resilience (r = .38, p = .012). Independent variables (meaning in life, self-reported health status, gender) accounted for 31% of the variance in resilience (p ≤ .001). conclusions Considering meaning in life and resilience in older adults helps to improve psychological health and wellness and create a unique potential ability to confront the pitfalls of old age, which result in better physical, mental, social, and spiritual health in older adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The relationship between meaning in life and resilience in older adults: a cross-sectional study

Mohseni¹,

Iranpour²,

Naghibzadeh‐Tahami³

et al. 2019

Health Psychology Report

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“…The core of the concept seems to be the personal capacity to “bounce back” in the face of adversity. Resilience may be developed early in life as a successful response to adversity ( Garmezy, 1993 , Phillips et al, 2016 ). Repeated adversity is often linked to early social class, a marginal social position or lack of family resources, pointing to the importance of the social and material context.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is parental lifespan linked to children's chances of reaching a high age? A transgenerational hypothesis

Vågerö

Aronsson

Modin

2018

SSM - Population Health

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PurposeTransgenerational determinants of longevity are poorly understood. We used data from four linked generations (G0, G1, G2 and G3) of the Uppsala Birth Cohort Multigeneration Study to address this issue.MethodsMortality in G1 (N = 9565) was followed from 1961–2015 and analysed in relation to tertiles of their parents’ (G0) age-at-death using Cox regression. Parental social class and marital status were adjusted for in the analyses, as was G1’s birth order and adult social class. For an almost entirely deceased segment of G1 (n = 1149), born 1915–1917, we compared exact age-at-death with G0 parents’ age-at-death. Finally, we explored ‘resilience’ as a potentially important mechanism for intergenerational transmission of longevity, using conscript information from psychological interviews of G2 and G3 men.ResultsG0 men’s and women’s ages-at-death were independently associated with G1 midlife and old age mortality. This association was robust and minimally reduced when G0 and G1 social class were adjusted for. We observed an increased lifespan in all social groups. Median difference in age-at-death for sons compared to fathers was + 3.9 years, and + 6.9 years for daughters compared to mothers.Parents’ and maternal grandmother’s longevity were associated with resilience in subsequent generations. Resilience scores of G2 men were also associated with those of their G3 sons and with their own mortality in midlife.ConclusionsThe chance of reaching a high age is transmitted from parents to children in a modest, but robust way. Longevity inheritance is paralleled by the inheritance of individual resilience. Individual resilience, we propose, develops in the first part of life as a response to adversity and early experience in general. This gives rise to a transgenerational pathway, distinct from social class trajectories. A theory of longevity inheritance should bring together previous thinking around general susceptibility, frailty and resilience with new insights from epigenetics and social epidemiology.

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“…The core of the concept seems to be the personal capacity to "bounce back" in the face of adversity. Resilience may be developed early in life as a successful response to adversity (Garmezy, 1993;Phillips, Auais, Belanger, Alvarado, & Zunzunegui, 2016). Repeated adversity is often linked to early social class, a marginal social position or lack of family resources, pointing to the importance of the social and material context.…”

Section: Social and Genetic Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Is Parental Lifespan Linked to Children’s Chances of Reaching a High Age? A Transgenerational Hypothesis

Vågerö¹,

Aronsson²,

Modin³

2019

Healthy Ageing and Longevity

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A B S T R A C TPurpose: Transgenerational determinants of longevity are poorly understood. We used data from four linked generations (G0, G1, G2 and G3) of the Uppsala Birth Cohort Multigeneration Study to address this issue. Methods: Mortality in G1 (N = 9565) was followed from 1961-2015 and analysed in relation to tertiles of their parents' (G0) age-at-death using Cox regression. Parental social class and marital status were adjusted for in the analyses, as was G1's birth order and adult social class. For an almost entirely deceased segment of G1 (n = 1149), born 1915-1917, we compared exact age-at-death with G0 parents' age-at-death. Finally, we explored 'resilience' as a potentially important mechanism for intergenerational transmission of longevity, using conscript information from psychological interviews of G2 and G3 men. Results: G0 men's and women's ages-at-death were independently associated with G1 midlife and old age mortality. This association was robust and minimally reduced when G0 and G1 social class were adjusted for. We observed an increased lifespan in all social groups. Median difference in age-at-death for sons compared to fathers was + 3.9 years, and + 6.9 years for daughters compared to mothers.Parents' and maternal grandmother's longevity were associated with resilience in subsequent generations. Resilience scores of G2 men were also associated with those of their G3 sons and with their own mortality in midlife. Conclusions:The chance of reaching a high age is transmitted from parents to children in a modest, but robust way. Longevity inheritance is paralleled by the inheritance of individual resilience. Individual resilience, we propose, develops in the first part of life as a response to adversity and early experience in general. This gives rise to a transgenerational pathway, distinct from social class trajectories. A theory of longevity inheritance should bring together previous thinking around general susceptibility, frailty and resilience with new insights from epigenetics and social epidemiology.

show abstract

Life-course social and economic circumstances, gender, and resilience in older adults: The longitudinal International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS)

Cited by 37 publications

References 53 publications

The relationship between meaning in life and resilience in older adults: a cross-sectional study

The relationship between meaning in life and resilience in older adults: a cross-sectional study

Why is parental lifespan linked to children's chances of reaching a high age? A transgenerational hypothesis

Why Is Parental Lifespan Linked to Children’s Chances of Reaching a High Age? A Transgenerational Hypothesis

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