“…Lichens are widespread geographically (Richardson, 1992(Richardson, , 1995, and they can live for decades or even beyond 100 years (Bull, King, Kong, Moutoux, & Phillips, 1994), thereby integrating their chemical environment over an extended period of time (Sensen & Richardson, 2002). Many case studies exist worldwide of using lichen chemistry to monitor or assess airborne elements (e.g., Bennett & Wetmore, 2003;Chiarenzelli et al, 2001;Conti, Tudino, Stripeikis, & Cecchetti, 2004;Cuny, Davranche, Thomas, Kempa, & Van Haluwyn, 2004;Freitas & Pacheco, 2004;Helena, Franc, & Cvetka, 2004;Juran, Jaćimović Batič, Smodiš, & Wolterbeek, 1996;Loppi & Pirintsos, 2003;Nash et al, 2003;Scerbo et al, 1999;Yenisoy-Karakaş & Tuncel, 2004;Yun, Longerich, & Wadleigh, 2003;Zhang, Chai , & Chen, 2002;Zschau et al, 2003). Lichen chemistry was used in and around Fallon to continue assessing airborne W and Co, which are elevated in total suspended particulates within Fallon (Sheppard et al, 2006a).…”