Lichen scrofulosorum: A prospective study of 39 patients

Singal, Archana; Bhattacharya, Sambit

doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2005.02499.x

Cited by 59 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…23,24 In rare instances, blistering and reproduction of the lesions at the injection site of Mantoux test, as was the case in our patient, have been described. 18,25 In some cases, as occurred also in our case, the eruption appears after initiation of antituberculous drug treatment, and this event is considered the result of an increase in cell-mediated immune status. 17,26 From a clinical point of view, lichen scrofulosorum should be differentiated from lichen nitidus, keratosis pilaris, pityriasis rubra pilaris, and lichenoid papular sarcoidosis, and this differential usually requires clinicopathologic correlation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…6,17 The eruption is usually associated with a strongly positive Mantoux test, generally greater than 18 mm induration. 18 Although rare, cases of lichen scrofulosorum despite having a purified protein tuberculin skin test negative have also been documented. 17,19,20 Clinically, lichen scrofulosorum is characterized by the onset of an asymptomatic eruption of multiple, tiny, pinhead-sized (1-2 mm in diameter), follicular and perifollicular papules.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In 2 series from India, it was documented another tuberculous focus infection in 72% and 73.5%, respectively, of the patients with lichen scrofulosorum. 15,18 The most frequent extracutaneous involvement are located lymphadenophaties (cervical, hilar, axillary, or mediastinal), and the concurrent pulmonary tuberculosis is not unusual, 14,18,28 but other forms of extracutaneous tuberculosis such as generalized lymphadenophaty, 19,29 miliary tuberculosis, and tuberculomas in central nervous system 18,22 are rarely associated with lichen scrofulosorum. Classically, lichen scrofulosorum has been also associated with bone tuberculosis, but there are very few reports describing such association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…35 In general, most cutaneous lesions will disappear after 4-8 weeks of multidrug antituberculous treatment, without scarring. 18 However, the course of the untreated cases of lichen scrofulosorum show a very long-term disorder that progresses over many years. 4 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Lichen Scrofulosorum Mimicking Lichen Planus

Camacho

Pielasinski²,

Revelles³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lichen scrofulosorum is the most uncommon clinicopathologic variant of the tuberculids. Usually, the eruption appears in children and adolescents with strong immune sensitivity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and consists of tiny follicular papules, closely resembling lichen nitidus. We report a case of lichen scrofulosorum in an adult male with active cervical scrofuloderma who developed lesions of lichen scrofulosorum mimicking clinically lichen planus. Histopathologic study demonstrated granulomas around the hair follicles, although acid-fast bacilli stains, immunohistochemical stain for mycobacteria, polymerase chain reaction investigations and cultures failed to demonstrate Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the cutaneous lesions. The most striking features of the reported case were the onset of the eruption in an adult patient and the clinical appearance of the lesions, resembling lichen planus.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Lichen Scrofulosorum Mimicking Lichen Planus

Camacho

Pielasinski²,

Revelles³

et al. 2011

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[3] In a study of 39 cases of Lichen scrofulosorum by Singhal et al, 72% cases had an underlying focus of TB and 28% cases had no identifiable focus. [4] In this case, there was no evidence of tubercular infection presently or in the past. This patient already had a subclinical exposure to Tuberculosis from his father, and a moderately good immunity evidenced by the strongly positive tuberculin test reading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Mantoux Skin Test Induced Lichen Scrofulosorum

Prabu¹

2014

jemds

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lichen scrofulosorum, also known as "tuberculosis cutis lichenoides," is a rare tuberculid that presents as a lichenoid eruption of minute papules in children and adolescents with tuberculosis. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, closely grouped, skin-colored to reddish-brown papules, often perifollicular, and are mainly found on the abdomen, chest, back, and proximal parts of the limbs. The eruption is usually associated with a strongly positive tuberculin reaction. We report a case of lichen scrofulosorum in an adult male following Mantoux tuberculin skin test. KEYWORDS: Lichen Scrofulosorum, Mantoux test, Tuberculin Skin Test. INTRODUCTION:Lichen scrofulosorum (LS) also known as tuberculosis (TB) cutis lichenoides, is a rare tuberculid that presents as a lichenoid eruption of minute papules in children and adolescents with TB. The lesions are usually asymptomatic, closely grouped, skin-colored to reddish-brown papules, often perifollicular, and are mainly found on the abdomen, chest, back, and proximal parts of the limbs. The eruption is usually associated with a strongly positive tuberculin reaction. [1] A 33 year old male patient came with the complaints of small raised skin-colored lesions over the left forearm and back for the past one week. No history of itching associated with it. There was no history of fever, cough, anorexia, weight loss or any other systemic symptoms. No history of exposure to the risk of acquiring Sexually Transmitted Infections. He also gave history of a strong positive reaction of Mantoux test which he underwent one month back as advised by a chest physician.The raised skin-colored lesions initially started in the left forearm at the site of Mantoux test and he developed similar lesions over the back and the right forearm in the next few days. History of BCG Vaccination was present. Family history of tuberculosis is present. His father is a known case of pulmonary tuberculosis that has completed the treatment. Earlier he had gone to the chest physician for the fear of contacting Tuberculosis from his father.Chest Physician had advised Chest skiagram, Sputum for AFB, ESR and Mantoux Investigations. His Chest Skiagram was within Normal Limits and Sputum was negative for AFB. His ESR was 42mm after one hour and Mantoux Intradermal test was strongly positive (25 mm).On Dermatological examination, multiple perifollicular, skin coloured to hypo pigmented smooth scaly papules seen in groups over the left and over the back. Multiple skin coloured to hypo pigmented similar papules are seen in an annular fashion along the periphery of the Mantoux tuberculin test site. No excoriations seen.No koebnerisation seen. General Examination including lymph nodes were normal. Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Central Nervous System Examination were normal. Examination of scalp, oral cavity, genitalia, palms, soles and nails were normal. Based on the history and the classical clinical features, a diagnosis of Lichen scrofulosorum was made. Other differential diagnosis that was considered i...

show abstract

Mycobacterial Infections

Yates,

Walker

2016

Rook's Textbook of Dermatology, Ninth Edition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infections of the skin caused by mycobacteria have a wide geographical distribution. The clinical manifestations are varied and not necessarily species‐specific. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the skin is often a chronic infection but may present as immunological phenomena – tuberculids. An increasing number of species are recognized as causing non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infections. Immunosuppression appears to increase the risk of some mycobacterial infections and the role of HIV and iatrogenic immune modulation are notable risk factors. Molecular diagnostics have increased the ability to identify specific organisms but prolonged antimicrobial therapy is often required.

show abstract

Lichen scrofulosorum: A prospective study of 39 patients

Cited by 59 publications

References 17 publications

Lichen Scrofulosorum Mimicking Lichen Planus

Lichen Scrofulosorum Mimicking Lichen Planus

Mantoux Skin Test Induced Lichen Scrofulosorum

Mycobacterial Infections

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About