Library usage and demographic characteristics of undergraduate students in a UK university
IntroductionIn 2011, the Library Impact Data Project presented its initial findings to the 9th Northumbria international conference on performance measurement in libraries and information services . This work demonstrated that there is a statistically significant relationship across a number of universities between library activity data and student attainment. Since then the project has received further funding from Jisc to dig deeper into the data. This paper investigates the hypothesis that there is a relationship between demographic characteristics -e.g. age, gender and ethnicity -and undergraduates' (1) use of academic libraries. The paper will outline the methodology of the research and present findings that show that there is a statistically significant difference, although in some cases very small, between age groups, gender, ethnicity and country of origin. The paper concludes with a discussion of the findings and recommendations for further study, including focus groups with low/non users in order to find possible causes for the relationship that we have identified.
Literature reviewRecent literature reviews looking into library usage and undergraduate attainment have found little evidence of research until the last few years (Cox and Jantti, 2012, Stone and. Stone and Ramsden reported that much of the current research has been around school library resources (Farmer, 2006, Ontario Library Association, 2006. There have been a number of recent studies looking at academic library value and researchers (Auckland, 2012, Oakleaf, 2010. These studies have tended to look at the 'bigger picture' and have not attempted to look at possible relationships between usage and demographic characteristics.Exploring and quantifying the social impact of libraries, the 'value for the individual' as Poll and Payne describe it (2006, p.554) is a complex challenge, and usually involves segmenting users and potential users in various ways, including using demographic characteristics. The question is usually investigated using techniques such as interviews, surveys and focus groups, all of which allow the researcher to establish the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Projects such as this have often been carried out in the public library sector and have looked at topics such as social inclusion and use of services by certain groups in the community (Bohme and Siller, 1999, Debono, 2002, Linly and Usherwood, 1998, Suaiden, 2003. However, in a review of the literature on use and non-use of public libraries, Sin and Kim (2008) state that, '[w]hilst research on public library use/nonuse has expanded in the past decades, the relationship between different variables and public library use/non-use still appears inconclusive. In addition to the dearth of study testing the supply-side variables, studies concerning user-side variables have generated conflicting findings.' Sin and Kim go on to argue that this is to be partly attri...