Liana distribution and community structure in an old-growth temperate forest: the relative importance of past disturbances, host trees, and microsite characteristics

Mori, Hideki; Kamijo, Takashi; Masaki, Takashi

doi:10.1007/s11258-016-0641-6

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…at study site) 73 . Actinidia arguta is a deciduous woody vine with a mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of 4.4 cm 74 . A. arguta is a stem twiner 74 and it prefers light habitats represented by forest edges and gaps 75 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Downhill seed dispersal by temperate mammals: a potential threat to plant escape from global warming

Naoe

Tayasu

Sakai

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Vertical seed dispersal, i.e. seed dispersal towards a higher or lower altitude, is considered a critical process for plant escape from climate change. However, studies exploring vertical seed dispersal are scarce, and thus, its direction, frequency, and mechanisms are little known. In the temperate zone, evaluating vertical seed dispersal of animal-dispersed plants fruiting in autumn and/or winter is essential considering the dominance of such plants in temperate forests. We hypothesized that their seeds are dispersed towards lower altitudes because of the downhill movement of frugivorous animals following the autumn-to-winter phenology of their food plants which proceeds from the mountain tops to the foot in the temperate zone. We evaluated the vertical seed dispersal of the autumn-fruiting wild kiwi, Actinidia arguta, which is dispersed by temperate mammals. We collected dispersed seeds from mammal faeces in the Kanto Mountains of central Japan and estimated the distance of vertical seed dispersal using the oxygen isotope ratios of the dispersed seeds. We found the intensive downhill seed dispersal of wild kiwi by all seed dispersers, except the raccoon dog (bear: mean −393.1 m; marten: −245.3 m; macaque: −98.5 m; and raccoon dog: +4.5 m). Mammals with larger home ranges dispersed seeds longer towards the foot of the mountains. Furthermore, we found that seeds produced at higher altitudes were dispersed a greater distance towards the foot of the mountains. Altitudinal gradients in autumn-to-winter plant phenology and other mountain characteristics, i.e. larger surface areas and more attractive human crops at lower altitudes compared to higher altitudes, were considered drivers of downhill seed dispersal via animal movement. Strong downhill seed dispersal by mammals suggests that populations of autumn-to-winter fruiting plants dispersed by animals may not be able to sufficiently escape from current global warming in the temperate zone.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Actinidia arguta is a deciduous woody vine with a mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of 4.4 cm 74 . A. arguta is a stem twiner 74 and it prefers light habitats represented by forest edges and gaps 75 . It produces oval green fruits (average 19 mm in length and 17.5 mm in width) from mid-August to November 27 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downhill seed dispersal by temperate mammals: a potential threat to plant escape from global warming

Naoe

Tayasu

Sakai

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Swida controversa is the most dominant species and accounts for 32.0% of the total fleshy-fruited woody species in terms of basal area (Masaki et al, 1994). Ecological traits of the species are shown in Appendix S1 (see Supplemental Data with this article, Masaki et al, 2012;Mori et al, 2016). They have relatively similar fruit dimensions but different fruiting seasons ( Fig.…”

Section: Study Sites and Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temporal variation in community‐level fruit abundance on seed dispersal by birds across woody species

Naoe

Masaki

Sakai

2018

American J of Botany

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In animal-dispersed plants, seed dispersal patterns of the same species in the same habitat can greatly differ among individuals and temporally. Many studies have revealed the pervasive effects of spatial variation in fruit abundance on seed dispersal of individual plants. By contrast, very few studies have investigated the temporal variation in seed dispersal. METHODS: We investigated the effects of conspecific and community-level fruit abundance on fruit removal rate and seed dispersal distance of six bird-dispersed woody species in a Japanese temperate forest for 3 yr. The six species share similar fruit characteristics but have different fruiting seasons. In addition, we also considered the effects of bird seasonality in diet and species composition on seed dispersal. KEY RESULTS: Inter-annual and inter-seasonal variation in community-level fruit abundance determined both fruit removal and the seed dispersal distance across species, but the effect differed with seasonal changes in bird behavior. Abundant fruit satiated fruit removal by birds only during fruit-feeding periods, not during insect-feeding periods. A scarcity of fruit increased the dispersal distance, but only during the migratory period. This difference was probably due to the different foraging behaviors of passing migrants and territorial birds. CONCLUSIONS: Our results illustrated that temporal variation in community-level fruit abundance could be a determining factor for seed dispersal in temperate forests. The effects of temporal variations in fruit abundance on seed dispersal patterns should be investigated in other ecosystems in order to understand their importance and associations with frugivore phenology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wisteria floribunda is a deciduous, liana (woody vine) species, which is commonly distributed in Japan, and is often predominant in cool temperate forests (Satake et al 1989;Mori et al 2016). This species is dependent on large-scale past disturbances (Mori et al 2016), and has high clonal ability because of its stolon that spreads along the ground surface (Sakai et al 2002). Because high clonal ability enables lianas to make dense colonies after canopy gaps occur (Yorke et al 2013), it is essential to evaluate the clonal structure with sufficient number of individuals in large areas (> 1 ha) of their natural habitat including growth under various conditions (e.g., canopy gap after disturbance).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterization of 10 microsatellite markers fromWisteria floribunda(Fabaceae)

et al. 2016

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Wisteria floribundais a deciduous liana species widely distributed in Japan. It is essential to evaluate the clonal structure of this species because high clonal ability enables lianas to make dense colonies after canopy gaps occur. Therefore, we developed 10 microsatellite markers forW. floribundafrom genomic shotgun sequences available in the publicly available database to study clonal structure and life history strategy of this species. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 7 to 16, with an average of 10.2. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.483 to 0.926 and from 0.642 to 0.916, with averages of 0.769 and 0.800, respectively. These findings will contribute to the understanding of ecological roles and management of this species.

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Liana distribution and community structure in an old-growth temperate forest: the relative importance of past disturbances, host trees, and microsite characteristics

Cited by 18 publications

References 62 publications

Downhill seed dispersal by temperate mammals: a potential threat to plant escape from global warming

Downhill seed dispersal by temperate mammals: a potential threat to plant escape from global warming

Effects of temporal variation in community‐level fruit abundance on seed dispersal by birds across woody species

Development and characterization of 10 microsatellite markers fromWisteria floribunda(Fabaceae)

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