LiAl y Co1 − y  O 2  (  R 3̄m )  Intercalation Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Jang, Young‐Il; Huang, Biying; Wang, Haifeng; Sadoway, Donald R.; Ceder, Gerbrand; Chiang, Yet‐Ming; Liu, Hui; Tamura, Hirokazu

doi:10.1149/1.1391693

Cited by 300 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…For this ligand exchange, we start by collecting the material first by using centrifugation after the synthesis. It is then dispersed in CHCl 3 . A solution of citric acid in water is added, yielding a two-phase system.…”

Section: Washing Procedures Of Limnpo 4 Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commercial lithium ion batteries are cobalt-based and limited to applications in small portable electronic devices due to the practical capacity limitation [1][2][3], cost and safety issues [4,5]. Future energy storage devices need advanced materials to fulfill the higher demands in terms of energy density and safety, while reducing the cost and environmental concerns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced electrochemical performance of <30 nm thin LiMnPO4 nanorods with a reduced amount of carbon as a cathode for lithium ion batteries

Kwon

Fromm

2012

Electrochimica Acta

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5-10 nm thin rod shaped LiMnPO 4 nanoparticles are synthesized by an improved thermal decomposition method. The synthesis parameters such as the concentration of surfactants, reaction temperature and time, as well as the presence of a solvent play a critical role in the formation of spherical, thin or thick nanorods, and needle-shaped particles of LiMnPO 4 . A washing procedure to efficiently eliminate the surfactants attached to the surface of LiMnPO 4 nanoparticles is presented, avoiding thermal treatment at high temperatures. A nanocomposite LiMnPO 4 electrode provides a discharge capacity of 165 mAh/g at 1/40 C and 66 mAh/g at 1 C with only 10 wt% of total carbon additive. The characteristics of as-synthesized and low amount of carbon coated LiMnPO 4 are described as well as their electrochemical properties.

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Section: Washing Procedures Of Limnpo 4 Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced electrochemical performance of <30 nm thin LiMnPO4 nanorods with a reduced amount of carbon as a cathode for lithium ion batteries

Kwon

Fromm

2012

Electrochimica Acta

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“…In a pristine state, the XRD pattern of as-received LiCoO 2 on the bottom of Figure 5a is typical of LiCoO 2 in the R3M space group. 36,37 After over-insertion cycling of as-received LiCoO 2 , the relative intensity of the {003} peak decreases significantly, with the ratio of {003} peak to the {104} peak decreasing from 2.00 to 1.09. Figure 5b shows the XRD patterns of AlPO 4 coated LiCoO 2 in a pristine state and after overdischarge cycling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Overdischarge Stability of LiCoO₂by a Solution Deposited AlPO₄Coating

Crompton

Hladky

Staub

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Enhancing the stability of lithium ion cathode active materials to over-insertion of lithium can improve overdischarge tolerance in cells that have excess reversible lithium compared to the stoichiometric cathode capacity. In the present work, a solution deposited coating of AlPO 4 on LiCoO 2 , known to stabilize overcharge, is applied to test its effect on the overdischarge (or over-insertion) tolerance of LiCoO 2 . Cathode testing versus lithium metal is performed with constant current charge to 140 mAh/g LiCoO 2 , constant current discharge to 3.0 V vs. Li/Li + and 7 mAh/g LiCoO 2 lithium over-insertion at fixed resistive load. Results show that the AlPO 4 coating maintains >99% of the discharge energy (compared to 96% for the as-received LiCoO 2 ) after 10 cycles. X-ray diffraction analysis of the relative intensity of {003} peak of the R3M space group indicates that after repeated lithium over-insertion, the AlPO 4 coating suppresses irreversible cation exchange between Li and Co ions in the octahedral layers of LiCoO 2 . Thus, AlPO 4 surface coatings can prevent crystal structure changes detrimental to charge/discharge performance in LiCoO 2 caused by over-insertion of lithium ions. Overdischarge of conventional lithium ion cells can lead to reduced cell performance, cell failure, or safety concerns.1,2 The primary mechanism of overdischarge damage in a conventional lithium ion cell is dissolution of the anode copper current collector, which can lead to internal shorting and capacity loss.3-8 Dissolution of the copper current collector occurs during overdischarge because of the high electrochemical potential that the anode experiences in conventional cells (>3.0 V vs. Li/Li + ). 3,6,9,10 Such a high anode potential during overdischarge ultimately results from loss of reversible lithium to the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) during the initial cycling of a cell.9,11 Thus, efforts to protect cells from overdischarge have generally focused on prevention of copper dissolution. 3,6,8,[12][13][14] In advanced lithium ion cells, adding reversible lithium (via high loss cathode materials, anode pre-lithiation, etc.) is utilized to improve general cell performance, 15-17 eliminate the need for formation cycling, 18 manage high first cycle irreversible loss in the anode, 19 and prevent dissolution of the anode copper current collector during overdischarge 3 or near zero volt storage. 9,20 The resulting cell may have excess reversible lithium compared to the normal operation cathode insertion capacity. For such a cell, in an overdischarge scenario, the anode potential will not increase to a high enough value (e.g. >3.1 V vs. Li/Li + ) for copper dissolution to occur. Rather, the cathode potential will decrease to less than its normal range, and the cathode can be over-inserted with lithium at a potential less than its normal operating voltage. 9This over-insertion of lithium can lead to degradation of the cathode performance.9 As such, in advanced lithium ion cells with added reversible lithium, d...

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“…In all of these cases, the composition-induced stressfree strains are beyond the failure strains of most brittle materials. As a result, there have been numerous observations of mechanical deformation and battery peformance degradation associated with these shape changes [144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153]. This electrochemical-cycling-induced fracture has been termed "electrochemical shock," by analogy to thermal shock of brittle materials [13].…”

Section: Chemical Expansion In Ionically Conductive Ceramicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage

et al. 2014

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Functional materials for energy conversion and storage exhibit strong coupling between electrochemistry and mechanics. For example, ceramics developed as electrodes for both solid oxide fuel cells and batteries exhibit cyclic volumetric expansion upon reversible ion transport. Such chemomechanical coupling is typically far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and thus is challenging to quantify experimentally and computationally. In situ measurements and atomistic simulations are under rapid development to explore how this coupling can be used to potentially improve both device performance and durability. Here, we review the commonalities of coupling between electrochemical and mechanical states in fuel cell and battery materials, illustrating with specific cases the progress in materials processing, in situ characterization, and computational modeling and simulation. We also highlight outstanding questions and opportunities in these applications -both to better understand the limiting mechanisms within the materials and to significantly advance the durability and predictability of device performance required for renewable energy conversion and storage.

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LiAl y Co1 − y O 2 ( R 3̄m ) Intercalation Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Cited by 300 publications

References 18 publications

Enhanced electrochemical performance of <30 nm thin LiMnPO4 nanorods with a reduced amount of carbon as a cathode for lithium ion batteries

Enhanced electrochemical performance of <30 nm thin LiMnPO4 nanorods with a reduced amount of carbon as a cathode for lithium ion batteries

Enhanced Overdischarge Stability of LiCoO₂by a Solution Deposited AlPO₄Coating

Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage

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LiAl y Co1 − y O 2 ( R 3̄m ) Intercalation Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

Cited by 300 publications

References 18 publications

Enhanced electrochemical performance of <30 nm thin LiMnPO4 nanorods with a reduced amount of carbon as a cathode for lithium ion batteries

Enhanced electrochemical performance of <30 nm thin LiMnPO4 nanorods with a reduced amount of carbon as a cathode for lithium ion batteries

Enhanced Overdischarge Stability of LiCoO2by a Solution Deposited AlPO4Coating

Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage

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Enhanced Overdischarge Stability of LiCoO₂by a Solution Deposited AlPO₄Coating