“…Laws on copyright, patents, and trade secrets or confidential information corresponding implementation rules and regulations were also passed. Abdulla [ 59 ] stated that the IP laws, and implementing laws and regulations ensure a fair balance of entitlement between owners of the IP rights and the public interest the copyright law provides broader protection, however, Adeyemi [ 60 ] argued that the liability of ISPs as gatekeepers should follow the US Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1998. The ISPs should be only liable if they fail to cooperate or remove violating material.…”