Li vaporization property of Li8ZrO6 and Li5AlO4 as tritium breeders

Shin-mura, Kiyoto; Honda, S.; Hoshino, Tsuyoshi; Sasaki, Kazuya

doi:10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.04.025

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Figure 7 compares the evolution of Li density with heating time for Li 4 TiO 4 –Li 2 TiO 3 core–shell pebbles and other breeding materials in a 900°C 1% H 2 /Ar atmosphere 25,26 . For consistency with other studies, the theoretical Li density was used for comparison.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long‐term thermal stability of Li₄TiO₄–Li₂TiO₃ core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H₂/Ar atmosphere

Chen

Ipponsugi

Oyama

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The long‐term thermal stability of tritium breeding materials during service is a key factor to ensure efficient tritium release. In this study, the long‐term thermal stability of advanced Li4TiO4–Li2TiO3 core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in 1%H2/Ar at 900°C was investigated for the first time. The results show that this core–shell material loses 3.4% Li mass after heating for 30 days, resulting in a reduction in Li density to .415 g/cm3, which is still significantly higher than other breeding materials. The moisture in the sample bed will determine the form of Li volatilization and thus affect the rate of Li mass loss. The core–shell pebbles maintain favorable phase stability during long‐term heating, and the grain sizes of the Li2TO3 shell and Li4TiO4 core after 30 days of heating are 6.5 ± 1.5 and 6.9 ± 2.5 μm, respectively. Moreover, the samples did not crack or collapse during long‐term heating and still had a satisfactory crushing strength of 37.61 ± 7.13 N after 30 days of heating. Overall, the high Li density and good thermal stability during long‐term heating demonstrate that the Li4TiO4–Li2TiO3 core–shell breeding pebbles are a very reliable tritium breeding material for long‐term service under harsh operating conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Long‐term thermal stability of Li₄TiO₄–Li₂TiO₃ core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H₂/Ar atmosphere

Chen

Ipponsugi

Oyama

et al. 2023

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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“…In particular, the reduction of Li density caused by long-term heating under operating conditions has always been a research hotspot in the eld of breeding materials. For this reason, we will comparatively study the evolution of Li density with heating time in a 900 °C H 2 /Ar atmosphere of core-shell pebbles and other breeding materials [32,33]. In order to be uni ed with other studies, the theoretical lithium density is used for comparison.…”

Section: (B) and (D))mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Transfer Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Li4TiO4-Li2TiO3 Core-shell Breeding Ceramic Under Harsh Operating Conditions

Chen

Katayama

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The development of novel tritium breeding materials was urgently needed in order to continuously optimize the tritium breeding ratio (TBR) of thermonuclear fusion reactors. From this point of view, Li4TiO4-Li2TiO3 core-shell breeding materials with more reasonable structure and theoretical Li density of 0.464 g/cm3 were prepared in this work. Notably, the mass transfer experiment at 900 °C in 1% H2/Ar shows that the theoretical Li density of this core-shell material after heating for 30 days was significantly higher than that of other breeding materials, indicating that it can provide more stable and efficient TBR. Specifically, the Li mass loss of the sample after 30 days heating was 3.4%, resulting in a decrease of Li density to 0.415 g/cm3. The mechanism of Li mass loss in Li4TiO4-Li2TiO3 core-shell breeding materials was investigated in detail. Moreover, the samples did not crack or collapse during the long-term heating process, and always maintained a satisfactory crushing load, revealing that this core-shell breeding ceramic can be used for a long time under severe operating conditions.

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“…Such properties lead to high TBRs relative to Li 2 TiO 3 and Li 4 SiO 4 , though there are concerns surrounding the stability of these materials at high temperatures and many possess relatively low melting temperatures compared to other candidates. As a consequence of these assumptions, the octalithium ceramics as a whole have received very little attention, with the exception of Li 8 ZrO 6 , which has been the most studied in recent years [11,12]. Therefore, in this work, the thermodynamic properties, and in particular phase stability at high temperature, of a selection of octalithium ceramics (Li 8 {Pb, Ce, Ge, Zr, Sn}O 6 ) are examined using density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics and phase stability of Li₈ XO₆ octalithium ceramic breeder materials (X = Pb, Ce, Ge, Zr, Sn)

Davies

Murphy

2022

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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Octalithium ceramics with their high stoichiometric concentration of lithium oﬀer exceptionally high tritium breeding ratios (TBRs) in comparison with other candidate breeder materials for tokamak fusion reactors, this is especially true with incorporation of a neutron multiplier into the crystal structures. Although, there are concerns surrounding the stability of these materials at operational temperatures. Therefore in this paper, we explore the thermodynamic properties of a selection of candidate octalithium ceramics in low and high temperature regimes (0-1200 K) using density functional perturbation theory (DFPT). Enthalpies as well as Gibbs formation energies were used to distinguish candidates which may or may not be susceptible to degradation.

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Li vaporization property of Li8ZrO6 and Li5AlO4 as tritium breeders

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Long‐term thermal stability of Li₄TiO₄–Li₂TiO₃ core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H₂/Ar atmosphere

Long‐term thermal stability of Li₄TiO₄–Li₂TiO₃ core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H₂/Ar atmosphere

Mass Transfer Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Li4TiO4-Li2TiO3 Core-shell Breeding Ceramic Under Harsh Operating Conditions

Thermodynamics and phase stability of Li₈ XO₆ octalithium ceramic breeder materials (X = Pb, Ce, Ge, Zr, Sn)

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Li vaporization property of Li8ZrO6 and Li5AlO4 as tritium breeders

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Long‐term thermal stability of Li4TiO4–Li2TiO3 core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H2/Ar atmosphere

Long‐term thermal stability of Li4TiO4–Li2TiO3 core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H2/Ar atmosphere

Mass Transfer Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Li4TiO4-Li2TiO3 Core-shell Breeding Ceramic Under Harsh Operating Conditions

Thermodynamics and phase stability of Li8 XO6 octalithium ceramic breeder materials (X = Pb, Ce, Ge, Zr, Sn)

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Long‐term thermal stability of Li₄TiO₄–Li₂TiO₃ core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H₂/Ar atmosphere

Long‐term thermal stability of Li₄TiO₄–Li₂TiO₃ core–shell breeding pebbles under continuous heating in H₂/Ar atmosphere

Thermodynamics and phase stability of Li₈ XO₆ octalithium ceramic breeder materials (X = Pb, Ce, Ge, Zr, Sn)