Li4Ti5O12 nanosheets as high-rate and long-life anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Yang, Lin; Li, Hui Zhong; Liu, Jun; Tang, Sha; Lu, Ya Kun; Li, Si Te; Min, Jie; Yan, Ning; Liu, Ming

doi:10.1039/c5ta07403g

Cited by 63 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…At a low current density of 0.96 mA cm −2 , both nanoarrays exhibit a flat voltage plateau around 1.53 V, which can be assigned to the Li + -insertion of LTO. The potential almost matches the theoretical plateau of 1.55 V, indicating very low electrical resistances in the electrode [56,57]. At a higher current density of 24.1 mA cm −2 , the beneficial effect of particle size reduction on the electrical resistance can be clearly seen.…”

Section: Structure Property Relationship In Lto-vacnt Nanoarrayssupporting

confidence: 63%

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2017

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Abstract:As a concept for electrode architecture in high power lithium ion batteries, self-supported nanoarrays enable ultra-high power densities as a result of their open pore geometry, which results in short and direct Li + -ion and electron pathways. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNT) on metallic current collectors with low interface resistance are used as current collectors for the chemical solution infiltration of electroactive oxides to produce vertically aligned carbon nanotubes decorated with in situ grown LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) nanoparticles. The production processes steps (catalyst coating, VACNT chemical vapor deposition (CVD), infiltration, and thermal transformation) are all scalable, continuous, and suitable for niche market production to achieve high oxide loadings up to 70 wt %. Due to their unique transport structure, as-prepared nanoarrays achieve remarkably high power densities up to 2.58 kW kg −1 , which is based on the total electrode mass at 80 C for LiMn 2 O 4 //Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 full cells. The tailoring of LTO and LMO nanoparticle size (~20-100 nm) and VACNT length (array height: 60-200 µm) gives insights into the rate-limiting steps at high current for these kinds of nanoarray electrodes at very high C-rates of up to 200 C. The results reveal the critical structural parameters for achieving high power densities in VACNT nanoarray full cells.

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Section: Structure Property Relationship In Lto-vacnt Nanoarrayssupporting

confidence: 63%

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2017

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“…All cells start with CEs below 70 %, reaching 90 %a fter ten cycles. Such behavior is attributedt ot he rearrangement of the LTOc rystal structure [9,27] and to side reactions of the cell components, leadingt oS EI formation. [28] In general,t he CEs of all cellsa re relativelys imilar.L /Nac ells reach CEs of more than 96 % ( Figure 3c)w hereas L/AC cells reach 93-95 % ( Figure 3d).…”

Section: Influence Of Metallic Sodium In Electrochemical Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Metallic Sodium Electrodes Affect the Electrochemistry of Sodium‐Ion Batteries? Reactivity Issues and Perspectives

et al. 2019

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Sodium‐ion batteries (NIBs) are promising energy‐storage devices with advantages such as low cost and highly abundant raw materials. To probe the electrochemical properties of NIBs, sodium metal is most frequently applied as the reference and/or counter electrode in state‐of‐the‐art literature. However, the high reactivity of the sodium metal and its impact on the electrochemical performance is usually neglected. In this study, it is shown that spontaneous reactions of sodium metal with organic electrolytes and the importance of critical interpretation of electrochemical experiments is emphasized. When using sodium‐metal half‐cells, decomposition products contaminate the electrolyte during the electrochemical measurement and can easily lead to wrong conclusions about the stability of the active materials. The cycling stability is highly affected by these electrolyte contaminations, which is proven by comparing sodium‐metal‐free cell with sodium‐metal‐containing cells. Interestingly, a more stable cycling performance of the Li4Ti5O12 half‐cells can be observed when replacing the Na metal counter and reference electrodes with activated carbon electrodes. This difference is attributed to the altered properties of the electrolyte as a result of contamination and to different surface chemistries.

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“…The materials retain 86.9, 100, and 93 %o ft heir initial specific capacity for RLTO-0, RLTO-0.2, and RLTO-0.4, respectively.T he cyclingp erformance of the dual-phase RLTO samples is better than that of pure LTO, which can be attributedt ot he greater contribution of capacitive effects from grainb oundaries, as discussed above.H owever,a ne xcess weightr atio of RTOm ay lead to ac apacity fading because side-effects caused by RTOa nd sluggish pulverization caused by the discrepancy of volume expansion between the two phases during Li-ion intercalation will harm the cycle stability of samples. [25] The optimized RTOa mount in RLTO-0.2 leads to the material with the best cycling performance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed‐Surfactant‐Assisted Synthesis of Dual‐Phase Li₄Ti₅O₁₂‐TiO₂ Hierarchical Microspheres as High‐Performance Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

Zhao

Cao

et al. 2019

ChemSusChem

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A mixed‐surfactant‐assisted method was developed to synthesize dual‐phase Li4Ti5O12‐TiO2 hierarchical microspheres. The ratio of anionic/cationic surfactant could regulate the primary structure morphology and the dual‐phase ratio of the final product, in which the primary structure morphology could be stacked nanosheets, small nanoparticles, or large nanoparticles. The sample with a primary structure morphology of small nanoparticles had the highest specific surface area of 79.38 m2 g−1 and the best electrochemical performance because of its high Li+ migration rate, low polarization, and appropriate TiO2 content. Its capacity reached 153.5 mA h g−1 at a current rate of 40 C, and it retained nearly 100 % of its capacity after 100 cycles. A self‐assembly mechanism of the mixed surfactant was highlighted to explain the formation of hierarchical microspheres. The physical and electrochemical properties of obtained material were correlated effectively.

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Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ nanosheets as high-rate and long-life anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Abstract: The effects TiO2 has on the performance of LTO–TiO2 composites for sodium-ion batteries.

Cited by 63 publications

References 53 publications

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

Can Metallic Sodium Electrodes Affect the Electrochemistry of Sodium‐Ion Batteries? Reactivity Issues and Perspectives

Mixed‐Surfactant‐Assisted Synthesis of Dual‐Phase Li₄Ti₅O₁₂‐TiO₂ Hierarchical Microspheres as High‐Performance Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

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Li4Ti5O12 nanosheets as high-rate and long-life anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Abstract: The effects TiO2 has on the performance of LTO–TiO2 composites for sodium-ion batteries.

Cited by 63 publications

References 53 publications

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

Nanostructured Networks for Energy Storage: Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes (VACNT) as Current Collectors for High-Power Li4Ti5O12(LTO)//LiMn2O4(LMO) Lithium-Ion Batteries

Can Metallic Sodium Electrodes Affect the Electrochemistry of Sodium‐Ion Batteries? Reactivity Issues and Perspectives

Mixed‐Surfactant‐Assisted Synthesis of Dual‐Phase Li4Ti5O12‐TiO2 Hierarchical Microspheres as High‐Performance Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries

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Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ nanosheets as high-rate and long-life anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

Mixed‐Surfactant‐Assisted Synthesis of Dual‐Phase Li₄Ti₅O₁₂‐TiO₂ Hierarchical Microspheres as High‐Performance Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries