Li-ionic control of magnetism through spin capacitance and conversion

et al. 2022

Chem. Mater.

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In view of the long-standing controversy over the reversibility of transition metals in Sn-based alloys as an anode for Li-ion batteries, an in situ real-time magnetic monitoring method was used to investigate the evolution of Sn−Co alloy during the electrochemical cycling. Sn−Co alloy film anodes with different compositions were prepared via magnetron sputtering without using binders and conductive additives. The magnetic responses showed that the Co particles liberated by Li insertion recombine fully with Sn during the delithiation to reform Sn−Co alloy into stannum-richer phases Sn 7 Co 3 . However, as the Co content increases, it can only recombine partially with Sn into cobalt-richer phases Sn 3 Co 7 . The unconverted Co particles may form a dense barrier layer and prevent the full reaction of Li with all the Sn in the anode, leading to lower capacities. In addition, we also showed that the Fe can recombine with Sn (Sb) during the delithiation in the Sn (Sb)−Fe alloy film anodes by operando magnetometry. These critical results shed light on understanding the reaction mechanism of transition metals and provide valuable insights toward the design of high-performance Sn (Sb)-based alloy anodes.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Evolution of Transition Metals during Li Alloying–Dealloying by In-Operando Magnetometry

Xia

et al. 2022

Chem. Mater.

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“…The controllable intercalation and deintercalation of Li + have realized nonvolatile electric control of exchange bias in the Co/Co 3 O 4 heterostructure in an all-solid Li + redox capacitor due to the magnetic evolution of antiferromagnetic Co 3 O 4 . 53 Recently, Li-ion intercalation batteries and supercapacitors utilized to control the magnetism of iron oxide system (Fe 2 O 3 ) through spin capacitance have been investigated, 32 as depicted in Figure 4f. The magnetic moment of Fe ions switches synchronously with the cyclic charging and discharging of Li + (Figure 4g), based on the redox conversion (charge: Fe 2 O 3 + 6Li + + 6e − → 2Fe 0 + 3Li 2 O; discharge: 2Fe 0 + 2Li 2 O → 2Fe II O + 4Li + + 4e − ), reflecting the role of redox process in the reversible magnetic evolution.…”

Section: Charge-to-spin Conversion In 2degmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigations of spin–charge interconversion are mainly distributed in 4d/5d heavy-metal oxides based on the spin Hall effect , (Figure a) and the interfacial two-dimensional gas based on the Rashba–Edelstein effect , (Figure b). On the other hand, the efforts on ionic/defect manipulation initially concentrate on the control of oxygen ions/vacancies at an earlier stage , (Figure c), and recently, other types of ions (e.g., H + and Li + ) are also employed to manipulate the magnetic properties of oxides ,, (Figure d). These domains are all tightly related to each other and together construct the extensive investigation territory of oxide spintronics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxide Spintronics as a Knot of Physics and Chemistry: Recent Progress and Opportunities

Chen

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Chem. Lett.

Transition-metal oxides (TMOs) constitute a key material family in spintronics because of mutually coupled degrees of freedom and tunable magneto-ionic properties. In this Perspective, we consider oxide spintronics as a knot of physics and chemistry and mainly discuss two current hot topics: spin−charge interconversion and magneto-ionics. First, spin−charge interconversion is focused on oxide films and heterostructures including 4d/5d heavy metal oxides (e.g., SrIrO 3 ) and two-dimensional electron gases. Based on spin−charge interconversion, charge currents can be transformed to spin currents and generate spin−orbit torque in oxide/metal and alloxide heterostructures. Additionally, the voltage control of magnetism in TMOs by the magneto-ionic pathway has rapidly accelerated during the past few years due to the versatile advantages of effective control, nonvolatile nature, low power cost, etc. Typical magneto-ionic oxide systems and corresponding physicochemical mechanisms will be discussed. Finally, further developments of oxide spintronics are envisioned, including material discovery, physics exploration, device design, and manipulation methods.

“…3,4 However, with the continuous development of electric vehicles, intelligent electronics, and other fields, higher requirements are put forward for the capacity, safety, and cycle life of rechargeable batteries. 5 Among numerous energy storage batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the most mainstream energy storage element due to their low self-discharge rate, large battery capacity, long cycle life, and no memory effect have been widely applied to electric equipment such as rechargeable cars and mobile phones. [6][7][8][9][10] By 2020, more than 90% of large battery storage capacity in the United States will be provided by LIBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature prediction of lithium‐ion batteries based on electrochemical impedance spectrum: A review

Intl J of Energy Research

Duan

et al. 2022

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Summary With the rapid development of global electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, and aerospace, lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have become more and more widely used due to their high property. More and more disasters are caused by battery combustion. Among them, the temperature prediction of LIBs is the key to prevent the occurrence of fire. At present, using surface temperature sensor to measure the temperature of LIBs is the main method. High‐capacity LIB packs used in electric vehicles and grid‐tied stationary energy storage system essentially consist of thousands of individual LIB cells. Therefore, installing a physical sensor at each cell, especially at the cell core, is not practically feasible from the solution cost, space, and weight point of view. So developing a new method for battery temperature prediction has become an urgent problem to be solved. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a widely applied non‐destructive method of characterization of LIBs. In recent years, methods of predicting LIBs temperature by EIS have been developed. The prediction of LIBs temperature based on EIS has the advantages of high real‐time performance and prediction accuracy, and the device is simple and practical. The proposed method has a good development prospect in electric vehicles and other fields and can effectively solve the current problems of LIBs temperature prediction. Therefore, it is urgent to summarize these works to promote the next development. This review summarizes the main methods of using EIS to predict the temperature of LIBs in recent years, including the methods based on the impedance, phase shift, and intercept frequency. The principle and application of various methods are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods and the future development direction are discussed. Highlights Use EIS to quickly and effectively predict the internal temperature changes of LIBs. No hardware temperature sensors and thermal model are required. The methods to predict battery temperature based on impedance, phase shift, and intercept frequency are reviewed.