Li-ion Battery Aging Conscious Intelligent Energy Management Strategy for Hybrid Electric Buses

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to propose a battery aging conscious energy management strategy. The initial design of an energy management strategy is a significant point, in order to fulfill the efficiency goals in a short term. However, with the aging, the initial conditions vary. The new trend of digitalization allows to monitor the operation, having the possibility to improve the performance of the initial proposed strategy in a long term. Therefore, a methodology for updating the energy management strategy along the bus lifetime is proposed, in order to improve the operation costs and extend the battery lifetime. This methodology is based on a dynamic programming optimization, tuning the membership functions in a fuzzy logic control. The simulation results show a reduction of the operation costs up to 47% together with a BT lifetime extension of around 2.94%.