Li(4−x)/3Ti(5−2x)/3CrxO4 (0≤x≤0.9) spinels: New negatives for lithium batteries

Li 3.9 Cu 0.1 Ti 5 O 12 /CNTs composite for the anode of high-power lithium-ion batteries: Intrinsic and extrinsic effects

“…In contrast, Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 reveals only one large and depressed semicircle and a slope since the increases in both R g and R gb lead to the overlap of their respective arcs. This result is in good agreement with the previous EIS study of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 [33]. The calculated individual conductivities and bulk conductivities are summarized in Table 2.…”

Solid-state synthesis and electrochemical performance of Ce-doped Li4Ti5O12 anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

“…Those conductive materials can enhance the electron transfer on the surface and improve the rate performance of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 . Besides the routes above, another common way to enhance conductivity and rate performance is ion doping [29][30][31][32]. The ion doping in the crystal lattice of the spinel can effectively increase the intrinsic electronic conductivity or lithium ion diffusion.…”

“…When the doping ions has the same valence with replaced ions, i.e. Li[Li (1Àx)/3 Cr x Ti (5À2x)/3 ]O 4 , some of Cr 3+ replace part of Li + and Ti 4+ at the same time to maintain charge balance, the change of lattice parameters makes the lithium ion diffusion coefficient increase from 10 À10 cm 2 s À1 (x=0) to 10 À9 cm 2 s À1 (x=1) [30]. The increasing of electronic conductivity and lithium ion diffusion leads to better rate performance of Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 materials.…”

Doping Calcia and Yttria into Zirconia Obtained from by Product of Tin Concentrator to Improve its Ionic Conductivity

“…The two well-defined arcs have been observed. These arcs have capacitance values around 0.1 pF and 1.4 nF, which are related to the grain and grain boundary impedance, respectively [12]. We could see in Figure 3 doping Yttria and Calcia-Yttria into Zirconia could reduce the impedance value significantly.…”