Lewis Acids:  From Conventional Homogeneous to Green Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis

Probing the Lewis Acidity and Catalytic Activity of the Metal–Organic Framework [Cu3(btc)2] (BTC=Benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylate)

“…The selectivity to 2 is usually not higher than 55 % with Brønsted acids, while with Lewis acids selectivities as high as 85 % can be reached. [21,23,24] As 1 is highly reactive, reactions were performed at room temperature. As only compound 2 is of interest, yields of other products are not reported here.…”

Dealumination of Zeolite Beta Catalyst Under Controlled Conditions for Enhancing its Activity in Acylation and Esterification

“…The development of eco-friendly catalytic routes for various organic transformations is the ongoing interest of catalytic researchers [1,2]. The acid catalyzed alkylation, acylation and esterification of aromatic hydrocarbons are most important reactions used in industrial scale for the production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals [3,4].…”

“…AlCl 3 , H 2 SO 4 , HF or H 3 PO 4 ) are widely used [5]. Thus, there is a considerable interest for replacing strongly acidic, homogeneous, corrosive and polluting catalysts with environmentally clean heterogeneous solid acid catalysts [1][2][3][4]. A large number of zeolites such as MFI (ZSM-5), zeolite beta, zeolite Y, zeolite mordanite (MOR) have been described as active catalysts in these reactions [6].…”

Use of different microporous and mesoporous materials as catalyst in the Diels–Alder and retro-Diels–Alder reaction between cyclopentadiene and p-benzoquinoneActivity of Al-, Ti- and Sn-doped silica

“…Micro and mesoporous molecular sieves can strongly enhance the rate of bimolecular reactions by combining the spatial confinement of the reactants which decrease the reaction frequency factor, and the presence of catalytic active sites which decrease the activation energy [5][6]. Moreover, when these materials are used as catalysts, their pore dimensions and topology can also influence product selectivity.…”