Leveraging user perspectives for insight into cannabis concentrates

Cavazos‐Rehg, Patricia A.; Krauss, Melissa J.; Sowles, Shaina J.; Floyd, Glennon M.; Cahn, Elizabeth; Chaitan, Veronica L.; Ponton, Marisel

doi:10.1080/00952990.2018.1436179

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…7,13,14,[17][18][19]21,35,42,43 Moreover, adolescent cannabis users may be more vulnerable to these effects than adult cannabis users. [37][38][39] Finally, adverse acute consequences of concentrate use, such as loss of consciousness and burn injuries, 15,27,28,41,44 might be more likely among infrequent users, who comprise the majority of adolescent users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[37][38][39] Adolescent cannabis users' use of concentrates, specifically, might further amplify their risk for cannabis use disorder and adverse cannabis-related consequences; studies of adult cannabis users have suggested that use of concentrates and use of marijuana with higher versus lower THC content are associated with more severe cannabis dependence, 7,13,19,21,35 greater risk of psychosis, 17,18,40 and greater cannabis-related differences in brain structure. 20 Moreover, use of cannabis with higher THC content may cause more severe acute effects, such as altered reality and loss of consciousness, 15,28,32,[41][42][43] and the production and use of solvent-based concentrates are associated with increased risk of explosions and burns. 27,44 These severe acute consequences might be especially likely among inexperienced cannabis users, 16 who comprise the majority of adolescents who use cannabis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cannabis Concentrate Use in Adolescents

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND: Cannabis concentrates, which are cannabis plant extracts that contain high concentrations of D-9-tetrahydrocannbinol (THC), have become increasingly popular among adults in the United States. However, no studies have reported on the prevalence or correlates of cannabis concentrate use in adolescents, who, as a group, are thought to be particularly vulnerable to the harms of THC. METHODS: Participants are a racially and ethnically diverse group of 47 142 8th-, 10th-, and 12thgrade students recruited from 245 schools across Arizona in 2018. Participants reported on their lifetime and past-month marijuana and cannabis concentrate use, other substance use, and risk and protective factors for substance use problems spanning multiple life domains (ie, individual, peer, family, school, and community). RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of all 8th-, 10th-, and 12th-graders reported lifetime cannabis use, and 24% reported lifetime concentrate use. Seventy-two percent of all lifetime cannabis users had used concentrates. Relative to adolescent cannabis users who had not used concentrates, adolescent concentrate users were more likely to use other substances and to experience more risk factors, and fewer protective factors, for substance use problems across numerous life domains. CONCLUSIONS: Most adolescent cannabis users have used concentrates. Based on their risk and protective factor profile, adolescent concentrate users are at higher risk for substance use problems than adolescent cannabis users who do not use concentrates. Findings raise concerns about high-risk adolescents' exposure to high-THC cannabis. WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Cannabis concentrates have high D-9-tetrahydrocannbinol (THC) content, and adolescents are thought to be especially vulnerable to the harms of THC. However, little is known about the prevalence or correlates of concentrate use in adolescents. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Cannabis concentrate use was common in adolescents (prevalence = 24%). Concentrate users were worse off than nonconcentrate cannabis users on every risk and protective factor for substance use problems, raising concerns about high-risk adolescents' exposure to high-THC cannabis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

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Cannabis Concentrate Use in Adolescents

et al. 2019

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“…E-liquids with flavoring can be used to mask the odor of cannabis and make it less detectable [54]. Many of cannabis extracts (oils, vape cartridges, hash) that are vaporized can contain 60% THC, with solid extracts such as wax, budder, shatter, or crumble can exceed 90% [55,56]. Any of these extracts can be vaporized through an electronic delivery system and e-cigarettes.…”

Section: Smoking and Vaping (Aerosolization)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Brain on Cannabinoids: Adverse Effects of Cannabinoid Products in Children and Adolescents

Chase¹

2023

Cannabinoids - Recent Perspectives and Applications in Human Health

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Cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids) are most often used during adolescence and given the changing norms, enhanced potency, reduced societal perceptions of risk and multitude forms of products for consumption, clinicians need to be become more cognizant of cannabinoid products and their effects. The aim of this narrative review is to briefly discuss acute toxicities and a few chronic toxicities associated with cannabinoids that clinicians are likely to treat. In addition, cannabinoid toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics as it pertains to the clinical effects will be discussed as well as the route of exposure and the clinical implications for therapeutics. Although the neurodevelopmental effects of naturally occurring endocannabinoids will be briefly mentioned, it is beyond the scope of this review to discuss in detail. Regardless, clinicians, parents and patients should be aware of the potential implications that exogenous cannabinoids (cannabis) may have in altering the normative trajectory of brain maturation in pediatric patients.

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“…In this regard, Palamar et al [17] point out that with legalization, marijuana consumption may increase due to an increase in the acceptability of this substance and a decrease in the perception of its danger, causing, in turn, a significant increase in the number of individuals who drive under the influence of cannabis. Regarding causality, Cavazos-Rehg et al [18] argue that the risk of an accident is not a direct cause of legalization, since the decision to drive under the influence of cannabis is a purely individual act.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cannabis Legalization on Road Safety: A Literature Review

González-Sala

Tortosa-Pérez

Peñaranda-Ortega

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: Legalizing medical and recreational cannabis and decriminalizing this substance may have unanticipated effects on traffic safety. The present study aimed to assess the impact of cannabis legalization on traffic accidents. Methods: A systematic review was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) declaration of the articles included in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. The number of papers included in the review was 29. Results: The results show that in 15 papers, there is a relationship between the legalization of medical and/or recreational cannabis and the number of traffic accidents, while in 5 papers, no such relationship is observed. In addition, nine articles indicate a greater number of risk behaviors related to driving after consumption, identifying young, male, and alcohol consumption together with cannabis as the risk profile. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the legalization of medical and/or recreational cannabis has negative effects on road safety when considering the number of jobs that affect the number of fatalities.

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Leveraging user perspectives for insight into cannabis concentrates

Abstract: Continued research on concentrates use in the US is needed. Research-informed policies that foster safe and responsible use of concentrates are necessary to protect users, especially those who use concentrates frequently, from potential negative side effects.

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Cannabis Concentrate Use in Adolescents

Cannabis Concentrate Use in Adolescents

Pediatric Brain on Cannabinoids: Adverse Effects of Cannabinoid Products in Children and Adolescents

Effects of Cannabis Legalization on Road Safety: A Literature Review

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