Leveraging Chaos for Wave-Based Analog Computation: Demonstration with Indoor Wireless Communication Signals

Hougne, Philipp del; Lerosey, Geoffroy

doi:10.1103/physrevx.8.041037

Cited by 65 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Meta-surfaces, in particular, are thin meta-material layers that are capable of shaping the propagation of radio waves in fully customizable ways [16], and, thus, have the potential of making the transfer and processing of information more reliable [17]- [21]. In addition, they constitute a suitable distributed platform to perform low-energy and low-complexity sensing [22], storage [23], and analog computing [24], [25]. Thanks to these unique properties, the high controllability of the radio waves, the high deployment scalability [26], and the economic advantages that they bring about [27], reconfigurable meta-surfaces are today considered to be a core technology to fulfill the challenging requirements of future wireless networks.…”

Section: Wireless Futures -Beyond Communications But Without More Pomentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable AI meta-surfaces: an idea whose time has come

Renzo

Debbah

Phan-Huy

et al. 2019

J Wireless Com Network

Self Cite

1,433

631

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Future wireless networks are expected to constitute a distributed intelligent wireless communications, sensing, and computing platform, which will have the challenging requirement of interconnecting the physical and digital worlds in a seamless and sustainable manner. Currently, two main factors prevent wireless network operators from building such networks: 1) the lack of control of the wireless environment, whose impact on the radio waves cannot be customized, and 2) the current operation of wireless radios, which consume a lot of power because new signals are generated whenever data has to be transmitted. In this paper, we challenge the usual "more data needs more power and emission of radio waves" status quo, and motivate that future wireless networks necessitate a smart radio environment: A transformative wireless concept, where the environmental objects are coated with artificial thin films of electromagnetic and reconfigurable material (that are referred to as intelligent reconfigurable meta-surfaces), which are capable of sensing the environment and of applying customized transformations to the radio waves. Smart radio environments have the potential to provide future wireless networks with uninterrupted wireless connectivity, and with the capability of transmitting data without generating new signals but recycling existing radio waves. We will discuss, in particular, two major types of intelligent reconfigurable meta-surfaces applied to wireless networks. The first type of meta-surfaces will be embedded into, e.g., walls, and will be directly controlled by the wireless network operators via a software controller in order to shape the radio waves for, e.g., improving the network coverage. The second type of meta-surfaces will be embedded into objects, e.g., smart t-shirts with sensors for health monitoring, and will backscatter the radio waves generated by cellular base stations in order to report their sensed data to mobile phones. These functionalities will enable wireless network operators to offer new services without the emission of additional radio waves, but by recycling those already existing for other purposes. This paper overviews the current research efforts on smart radio environments, the enabling technologies to realize them in practice, the need of new communication-theoretic models for their analysis and design, and the long-term and open research issues to be solved towards their massive deployment. In a nutshell, this paper is focused on discussing how the availability of intelligent reconfigurable meta-surfaces will allow wireless network operators to redesign common and well-known network communication paradigms.

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Section: Wireless Futures -Beyond Communications But Without More Pomentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable AI meta-surfaces: an idea whose time has come

Renzo

Debbah

Phan-Huy

et al. 2019

J Wireless Com Network

Self Cite

1,433

631

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Ref. 41 suggests that the similar results can also be achieved in more strongly reverberating indoor environments. The experimental results for a full-color image transfer with MBWC-BPSK and MBWC-QPSK are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Design Of Information-carrying Metasurface Coding Patternsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…The power needed to program the metasurface is minimal and can be as low as a few μW per meta-atom 24 . By now, programmable metasurfaces have found various valuable applications, for instance in programmable electromagnetic imaging and sensing [25][26][27][28][29][30][31] , wireless communication 8,[32][33][34][35][36][37] , dynamic holograms 38 , wireless energy deposition 39,40 , and analog computation with indoor Wi-Fi infrastructure 41 . The proposed MBWC paradigm utilizes the programmable metasurface for three major purposes: (1) encoding the digital information to be conveyed on the physical level; (2) directly modulating the ambient stray electromagnetic waves with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); and (3) facilitating the retrieval of digital information encoded into the metasurface with a matching classifier or decoder.…”

Section: Programmable Metasurface For Backscatter Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metasurface-assisted massive backscatter wireless communication with commodity Wi-Fi signals

et al. 2020

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Conventional wireless communication architecture, a backbone of our modern society, relies on actively generated carrier signals to transfer information, leading to important challenges including limited spectral resources and energy consumption. Backscatter communication systems, on the other hand, modulate an antenna's impedance to encode information into already existing waves but suffer from low data rates and a lack of information security. Here, we introduce the concept of massive backscatter communication which modulates the propagation environment of stray ambient waves with a programmable metasurface. The metasurface's large aperture and huge number of degrees of freedom enable unprecedented wave control and thereby secure and high-speed information transfer. Our prototype leveraging existing commodity 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi signals achieves data rates on the order of hundreds of Kbps. Our technique is applicable to all types of wave phenomena and provides a fundamentally new perspective on the role of metasurfaces in future wireless communication.

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“…Others proposed nanophotonic circuits to implement any small-scale spin systems directly on a programmable chip [25][26][27]. Matrix operations can also be performed by spatially shaped optical fields, without engineered wave-mixing devices [28,29], by exploiting randomly reflected waves [30] or disordered biological samples [31]. However, using spatial optical modulation to solve Ising spin dynamics has remained unexplored.In this Letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the use of spatial light modulation for calculating the ground state of an Ising Hamiltonian.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-Scale Photonic Ising Machine by Spatial Light Modulation

2019

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Quantum and classical physics can be used for mathematical computations that are hard to tackle by conventional electronics. Very recently, optical Ising machines have been demonstrated for computing the minima of spin Hamiltonians, paving the way to new ultra-fast hardware for machine learning. However, the proposed systems are either tricky to scale or involve a limited number of spins. We design and experimentally demonstrate a large-scale optical Ising machine based on a simple setup with a spatial light modulator. By encoding the spin variables in a binary phase modulation of the field, we show that light propagation can be tailored to minimize an Ising Hamiltonian with spin couplings set by input amplitude modulation and a feedback scheme. We realize configurations with thousands of spins that settle in the ground state in a low-temperature ferromagnetic-like phase with all-to-all and tunable pairwise interactions. Our results open the route to classical and quantum photonic Ising machines that exploit light spatial degrees of freedom for parallel processing of a vast number of spins with programmable couplings.A large number of internal states characterizes complex systems from biology to social science. The fact that the number of these states grows exponentially with the system size hampers large-scale computational possibilities. Complex optimization problems involving these models are in many cases classified as NP-hard and cannot be tackled efficiently by standard computing architectures. A broad class of such computationally intractable problems maps to the search of the ground state of a classical system of interacting spins: the minimization of an Ising Hamiltonian with specific spin couplings [1-3].Growing research interest is emerging towards physical and artificial systems that evolve according to an Ising Hamiltonian and enable to find the optimal combinatorial solution by the ground state observed in the experiment. Quantum and classical Ising systems have been realized by trapped atoms [4,5], single photons [6], superconducting circuits [7], electromechanical modes [8], nanomagnets [9] and polariton condensates [10]. In optics, spin-glass dynamics have been observed in random lasers [11, 12], multimodal cavities [13, 14] , coupled laser lattices [15], beam filamentation [16] and nonlinear wave propagation in disordered media [17]. These photonic systems host thousands of optical spins, but the spin variables are not easy to access and controlling their interaction is challenging.Novel photonic platforms with numerous and easily accessible spins are particularly relevant for computation. Optical computing machines offer high-speed and parallelization. Various authors reported coherent Ising machines based on time-multiplexed optical parametric oscillators finding approximate solutions to optimization problems with several nodes [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Others proposed nanophotonic circuits to implement any small-scale spin systems directly on a programmable chip [25][26][27]. Matrix opera...

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Leveraging Chaos for Wave-Based Analog Computation: Demonstration with Indoor Wireless Communication Signals

Cited by 65 publications

References 79 publications

Smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable AI meta-surfaces: an idea whose time has come

Smart radio environments empowered by reconfigurable AI meta-surfaces: an idea whose time has come

Metasurface-assisted massive backscatter wireless communication with commodity Wi-Fi signals

Large-Scale Photonic Ising Machine by Spatial Light Modulation

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