Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, eicosanoids and cytokines in ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis, peritoneal cancer and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Pruimboom, W. M.; Bac, Dirk Jan; Dijk, A. P. M. van; Garrelds, Ingrid M.; Tak, C. J. A. M.; Bonta, I. L.; Wilson, J. H. P.; Zijlstra, Felix

doi:10.1016/0192-0561(95)00015-t

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Several studies have quantified cytokine activity in the peritoneal fluid of human patients with various diseases of the abdomen. [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] To the authors' knowledge, cytokine concentration has not been previously quantified in peritoneal fluid obtained from horses with acute abdominal disease and it was hypothesized that cytokine activity would be greater in the peritoneal fluid, as compared to serum. In our study population of horses with abdominal disease, TNF was more likely to be quantifiable in peritoneal fluid than in serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Steverink et al 22 reported similar findings in horses with colic requiring surgical intervention: no correlation was found between the plasma and peritoneal fluid endotoxin concentration. In humans with septic peritonitis, peritoneal fluid cytokine concentration 25,29 or endotoxin concentration 32 is many times greater than that in the blood. These differences between blood and peritoneal fluid suggest that endotoxin and cytokines do not readily equilibrate between the peritoneal cavity and blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin‐6 Activity and Endotoxin Concentration in Peritoneal Fluid and Blood of Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Barton

Collates

1999

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) activities and endotoxin concentration in blood and peritoneal fluid of 155 adult horses with acute abdominal disease (colic). Samples also were obtained from 20 healthy adult horses. Blood and peritoneal fluid supernatant TNF and IL-6 activities and endotoxin concentration were significantly greater in horses with colic, compared with healthy horses. In horses with colic, the peritoneal fluid endotoxin concentration and TNF and IL-6 activities were significantly greater than those in blood. Within the colic group, peritoneal fluid IL-6 activity was the analyte that was most frequently increased. Blood and peritoneal fluid supernatant TNF and IL-6 activities were significantly greater when endotoxin was detected in the same sample. Blood and peritoneal fluid IL-6 activity was significantly greater in horses with inflammatory or strangulating lesions, compared with horses having nonstrangulating or noninflammatory lesions. Compared with all other data categories, diagnostic accuracy for nonsurvival was greatest (80%) when blood IL-6 activity exceeded 60 units/mL. The results of this study indicate that endotoxin was present in the peritoneal cavity of at least one third of horses with any acute disease of the abdomen. In horses presented for colic, blood or peritoneal fluid IL-6 activity was more useful than either TNF activity or endotoxin concentration for distinguishing lesion type. Although diagnostic accuracy for the prediction of nonsurvival was good for all of the analytes, negative values were more useful in the prediction of a favorable outcome than were abnormally increased values in the prediction of mortality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin‐6 Activity and Endotoxin Concentration in Peritoneal Fluid and Blood of Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Barton

Collates

1999

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…This concept, however, has recently been challenged by several investigations describing significant amounts of proinflammatory cytokines and growth or vasoactive factors in the ascites of human cirrhotics. [24][25][26][27] Under proper stimulus, the production of these substances by resident cells in the peritoneal cavity could theoretically regulate a nonspecific immune response and vascular permeability and tonicity in this area, or in adjacent territories such as the splanchnic vascular bed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in peritoneal macrophages of cirrhotic patients

et al. 1999

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The present study assessed whether peritoneal macrophages isolated from cirrhotic patients produce nitric oxide (NO) and express NO The description of endogenous production of nitrates by human beings 1 was the starting point of a series of discoveries attributing an important antimicrobial role to nitric oxide (NO). A major contribution along this track includes the realization that, under proper stimulus, rodent macrophages produce huge amounts of NO 2 as a result of the expression of an inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (NOS II). 3 This enzyme is responsible for the high-output pathway of NO production, uses molecular oxygen and L-arginine as cosubstrates, is Ca 2ϩ /calmodulin-independent, and its activity can be competitively inhibited by several L-arginine analogues such as N -nitro-L-arginine (NNA).Because macrophages are of central importance in the initiation and regulation of the nonspecific and specific immune responses, 4 it is considered that NO from these cells is implicated in the nonspecific defense against parasitic diseases and participates in the production of free radicals that are toxic to bacteria and parasites. 5 However, whereas bacterial lipopolysaccharide and/or proinflammatory cytokines are extremely efficacious at inducing NOS II in rodent macrophages, their ability to promote NOS II expression and NO production in human macrophages in vitro is almost nonexistent. 6 This, in turn, casts serious doubts on the role of this system in human beings. 7 This controversy has further been fueled by the demonstration of some degree of NOS II activity and/or expression in human macrophages when taken from patients with infectious or inflammatory diseases. [8][9][10] Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a relatively common complication of patients with cirrhosis and ascites consisting of bacterial infection of ascitic fluid without any intraabdominal, surgically treatable source of infection. 11 Previous investigations have shown that the intraperitoneal administration of a selective inhibitor of NOS II to cirrhotic rats with ascites provokes bacterial peritonitis in these animals. 12 This finding indicates that NOS II is an important component of the rat armamentarium to fight against bacterial peritonitis in experimental cirrhosis. However, as to whether this also occurs in cirrhotic patients is not clear because, as previously discussed, NO production in human macrophages by the high-output NOS II pathway is controversial and does not seem to be controlled as in rodent macrophages. Therefore, in the present investigation, peritoneal macrophages of patients with cirrhosis and ascites, with and without SBP, were collected after therapeutic paracentesis to assess whether these cells produce NO and express NOS II mRNA and protein. The results indicate that peritoneal macrophages of most patients express NOS II within 8 days after the diagnosis of SBP. PATIENTS AND METHODSPatients. Ascites was collected by therapeutic paracentesis from 23 cirrhotic patients (6 women and 17 men). The me...

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“…A recent study [24] reported that Th1-type mice on a high fat diet (HFD) regimen are more prone to adiposity, liver inflammation and fibrosis, thus confirming the strict relationship between hepatic disorders and metabolic changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Immune-Inflammatory and Metabolic Effects of High Dose Furosemide plus Hypertonic Saline Solution (HSS) Treatment in Cirrhotic Subjects with Refractory Ascites

et al. 2016

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IntroductionPatients with chronic liver diseases are usually thin as a result of hypermetabolism and malnutrition expressed by reduced levels of leptin and impairment of other adyponectins such as visfatin.AimsWe evaluated the metabolic and inflammatory effects of intravenous high-dose furosemide plus hypertonic saline solutions (HSS) compared with repeated paracentesis and a standard oral diuretic schedule, in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites.Methods59 consecutive cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites unresponsive to outpatient treatment. Enrolled subjects were randomized to treatment with intravenous infusion of furosemide (125–250mg⁄bid) plus small volumes of HSS from the first day after admission until 3 days before discharge (Group A, n:38), or repeated paracentesis from the first day after admission until 3 days before discharge (Group B, n: 21). Plasma levels of ANP, BNP, Leptin, visfatin, IL-1β, TNF-a, IL-6 were measured before and after the two type of treatment.ResultsSubjects in group A were observed to have a significant reduction of serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ANP, BNP, and visfatin, thus regarding primary efficacy endpoints, in Group A vs. Group B we observed higher Δ-TNF-α, Δ-IL-1β, Δ-IL-6, Δ-ANP, Δ-BNP, Δ-visfatin, Δ-Leptin at discharge.DiscussionOur findings underline the possible inflammatory and metabolic effect of saline overload correction in treatment of cirrhosis complications such as refractory ascites, suggesting a possible role of inflammatory and metabolic-nutritional variables as severity markers in these patients.

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Levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, eicosanoids and cytokines in ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis, peritoneal cancer and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin‐6 Activity and Endotoxin Concentration in Peritoneal Fluid and Blood of Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin‐6 Activity and Endotoxin Concentration in Peritoneal Fluid and Blood of Horses with Acute Abdominal Disease

Nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in peritoneal macrophages of cirrhotic patients

Immune-Inflammatory and Metabolic Effects of High Dose Furosemide plus Hypertonic Saline Solution (HSS) Treatment in Cirrhotic Subjects with Refractory Ascites

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