Levels of selected metals in leaves of Cannabis sativa L. cultivated in Ethiopia

Zerihun, Agalu; Chandravanshi, Bhagwan Singh; Debebe, Ayalew; Mehari, Bewketu

doi:10.1186/s40064-015-1145-x

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Dried leaves were then crushed using an electric grinder and sieved to obtain fine powder. Powder was kept under clean and dry polyethylene bags [42]. The extraction of cannabinoids and terpenes was then carried out, according to the following extraction procedure.…”

Section: Plant Collection and Extraction Of Phytochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids and Terpenes as an Antibacterial and Antibiofouling Promotor for PES Water Filtration Membranes

et al. 2020

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Plant phytochemicals have potential decontaminating properties, however, their role in the amelioration of hydrophobic water filtration membranes have not been elucidated yet. In this work, phytochemicals (i.e., cannabinoids (C) and terpenes (T) from C. sativa) were revealed for their antibacterial activity against different Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. As such, a synergistic relationship was observed between the two against all strains. These phytochemicals individually and in combination were used to prepare polyethersulfone (PES) hybrid membranes. Membrane characterizations were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Moreover, contact angle, water retention, surface roughness, mechanical testing, and X-ray florescence analysis were also carried out. According to results, the CT-PES hybrid membrane exhibited the lowest contact angle (40°), the highest water retention (70%), and smallest average pore size (0.04 µm). The hybrid membrane also exhibited improved water flux with no surface leaching. Quantitative bacterial decline analysis of the CT-PES hybrid membranes confirmed an effective antibacterial performance against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results of this study established cannabinoids and terpenes as an inexpensive solution for PES membrane surface modification. These hybrid membranes can be easily deployed at an industrial scale for water filtration purposes.

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Section: Plant Collection and Extraction Of Phytochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cannabinoids and Terpenes as an Antibacterial and Antibiofouling Promotor for PES Water Filtration Membranes

et al. 2020

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“…Several studies have also been reported in the literature on determinations of the levels of heavy metals in the raw and processed tobacco leaves (Kaličanin and Velimirović 2012 ; Eneji et al 2013 ; Ajab et al 2014 ) in the different parts of the world using different techniques (Saldivar et al 1991 ; Health Canada 1999 ; Stojanovic et al 2004 ; Angelova et al 2004 ; Zhang et al 2005 ; Nnorom et al 2005 ). Some studies have also been carried out in Ethiopia on the levels of essential and non-essential metals in a psychoactive khat leaves (Atlabachew et al 2010 , 2011 ) as well as in cannabis leaves (Zerihun et al 2015 ). A few studies have also been carried out on the levels of nicotine in Ethiopian tobacco leaves (Geto et al 2012 ; Kassa et al 2013 ; Tassew and Chandravanshi 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of heavy metals in the raw and processed Ethiopian tobacco leaves

Regassa

Chandravanshi

2016

SpringerPlus

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Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a commercial plant. Tobacco leaves naturally accumulate and concentrate relatively high levels of heavy metals and particular cadmium in leaves. Tobacco is one of the basic agricultural products, in Ethiopia, with social and economic importance. However, there is no report in the literature on the determination of levels of heavy metals in Ethiopian tobacco leaves. Hence this research is intended to determine the levels of heavy metals in the raw and processed Ethiopian Virginia tobacco leaves. Samples of raw Virginia tobacco leaves were collected from two different regions of Ethiopia (Billate and Shewa Robit). The three processed tobacco samples were collected from National Tobacco Enterprise, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The samples were wet-digested using 3 mL HNO3 (69–72 %) and 3 mL HClO4 (70 %) at 350 °C for 3.5 h and concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the samples were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean metals concentrations (in µg/g dry weight) in the raw Virginia tobacco leaves from Billate and Shewa Robit, respectively, were: Cu (4.38, 7.30), Zn (53.7, 33.2), Cd (1.20, 1.30), Cr (ND, 1.45), Ni (ND, 1.90). The mean metals concentrations (in µg/g dry weight) in the processed tobacco from Billate and Shewa Robit, respectively, were: Cu (9.80, 12.8), Ni (2.35, 2.20) Cd (1.45, 1.90), Cr (1.65, 1.75), Zn (101, 83.8). The mean metals concentrations (in µg/g dry weight) in the processed tobacco Nyala (Ethiopian cigarette leaves) were: Cu (8.95), Cd (1.55), Cr (1.62), Ni (4.70), Zn (79.3). The concentrations of Cr and Ni in tobacco leaves from Billate and Pb in all the tobacco samples were below the detection limits. This study showed that the metal contents of tobacco leaves varied with the geographical origin in which the tobacco plant grows. The metal contents of processed tobacco were higher than the corresponding raw leaves. Pb was not detected in both the raw and processed Ethiopian tobacco leaves.

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“…Zn was with the highest concentration among trace metals [27]. The results indicated that the content of Pb and Cd exceeded the permissible amount for medicinal plants which form the raw materials for the finished products set by World Health Organization (WHO) [27].…”

Section: Cannabismentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The levels of metals determined (μg/g dry weight) were in the ranges Ca (657-1,511), Zn (321-380), Ni (124-172), Cu (122-176), Cd (3-10), Pb (8-10), and Cr (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Zn was with the highest concentration among trace metals [27]. The results indicated that the content of Pb and Cd exceeded the permissible amount for medicinal plants which form the raw materials for the finished products set by World Health Organization (WHO) [27].…”

Section: Cannabismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The levels of essential and non-essential metals in linseed samples collected from five different sites (Bale, East Gojam, Shoa, South Wello and Tigray) in Ethiopia were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The levels (mg kg -1 ) of metals determined were in the ranges Na (242-614), K (6,494-6,755), Mg (2,679-3,118), Ca (540-744), Cr (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), Mn (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), , Co (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42), Ni (12-...…”

Section: Linseedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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