Levels of S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and cyclophilin A (CypA) in the serum of patients with severe craniocerebral injury and multiple injuries combined with delirium transferred from the ICU and their prognostic value

Abstract

Background:To analyze the levels of S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and cyclophilin A (CypA) in the serum of patients with severe craniocerebral injury combined with delirium and multiple injuries transferred from the intensive care unit (ICU), and their prognostic value. Methods:The data of 98 patients with severe craniocerebral injury combined with delirium and multiple injuries admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed as the study group. The differences in serum S100B, NSE, and CypA levels in each group were compared, and the deaths of the study group during follow-up were counted.Results: The levels of S100B, NSE, and CypA in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The mortality rate of the 98 patients with severe craniocerebral injury combined with delirium and multiple injuries transferred from the ICU was 37.76%. Furthermore, the levels of S100B, NSE, and CypA in the death group were higher than those in the survival group (P<0.05). Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) score ≤5 points, Injury Severity Score (ISS) score >25 points, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and increased levels of S100B, NSE, and CypA were independent risk factors that affected the prognosis of patients with severe craniocerebral injury combined with delirium and multiple injuries transferred from the ICU (P<0.05). The average survival times of the high S100B level group, the high NSE level group, and the high CypA level group were shorter than those of the low-level groups (P<0.05). Conclusions:The levels of S100B, NSE, and CypA in serum were closely related to the prognosis of patients with severe craniocerebral injury combined with delirium and multiple injuries transferred from the ICU. They can be used as molecular markers for predicting the prognosis of patients, and may serve as potential targets for treatment.

Brain injury biomarkers do not predict delirium in acutely ill older patients: a prospective cohort study

“…Promising biomarkers are S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) which is expressed by astrocytes and not only reflects cell death, but also BBB integrity and permeability; neuron-specific enolase (NSE) an isoenzyme highly specific to neurons, a biomarker of hypoxic brain damage and a marker of poor outcome after cardiac arrest; and Tau protein which maintains microtubules stability in axons and relates to forms of cognitive-impairment 7 – 9 . There are, however, many gaps in the literature to fully understand how these molecules interact and how they are associated with delirium occurrence 10 , 11 . Specifically, data on S100B are conflicting, since some studies have shown that patients with delirium had a higher serum level of S100B, and other studies have shown no association between this protein and delirium or other adverse outcomes 10 .…”

“…Specifically, data on S100B are conflicting, since some studies have shown that patients with delirium had a higher serum level of S100B, and other studies have shown no association between this protein and delirium or other adverse outcomes 10 . Furthermore, there are no studies evaluating the association between inflammatory and brain-related biomarkers with Emergency Department (ED) delirium 11 , 12 .…”

Advances and Challenges in Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Immunosensors for Small Cell Lung Cancer Biomarker Neuron-Specific Enolase

“…22,23 The amount of NSE present in the brain predicts quantifiable measures of brain damage, which lead to strokes, hemorrhage, seizures, etc. 24 Recently, reports have published sufficient data of COVID-19 positive patients showing the elevated level of NSE, signifying the role of NSE as a potential clinical biomarker for COVID-19 because it primarily targets human respiratory and neurological systems. 25,26 Although the detection of protein cancer biomarkers is advantageous, it also possesses certain shortcomings.…”

S100B does not predict delirium in emergency department patients: a prospective cohort study

“…There are, however, many gaps in the literature to fully understand how these molecules interact and how they are associated with delirium occurrence. [10][11] Speci cally, data on biomarkers for delirium such as S100B are con icting. 10 Furthermore, there are no studies evaluating the association between in ammatory and brain-related biomarkers with Emergency Department (ED) delirium.…”

“…10 Furthermore, there are no studies evaluating the association between in ammatory and brain-related biomarkers with Emergency Department (ED) delirium. [11][12] Our primary goal was to evaluate S100B levels and their association with delirium occurrence in acutely ill older adults within their rst 24 h of ED admission. We also aimed to evaluate the association between S100B, NSE, Tau and cytokine panel (IL-1B, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ) with delirium.…”