Levels of representation in visual word recognition: A dissociation between morphological and semantic processing.

Stolz, Jennifer A.; Besner, Derek

doi:10.1037/0096-1523.24.6.1642

Cited by 58 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A final paper of note did employ the immediate-priming design but attempted to reduce semantic priming in a different way. De Diego Balaguer et al (2005) adapted the technique of Stolz and Besner (1998) in their Spanish-language study of Catalan-Spanish bilinguals: in addition to performing a lexical decision to the target word, participants also performed a letter search on the prime. Using regular, semi-regular, and idiosyncratic verbs, these authors found that N400 effects for primed regular verbs were strong in both L1-Spanish and L1-Catalan speakers, the effects for semi-regular verbs were weak in both groups, and the effects for idiosyncratic verbs were strong only for the L1-Spanish group.…”

Section: Previous Event-related Potential Studies Using Other Experimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting dissociations between regular and irregular past-tense morphology: Evidence from event-related potentials

Justus

Larsen

Davies³

et al. 2008

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

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Neuropsychological dissociations between regular and irregular English past-tense morphology have been reported using a lexical-decision task in which past-tense primes immediately precede present-tense targets. We present N400 event-related potential data from healthy participants using the same design. Both regular and irregular past-tense forms primed corresponding present-tense forms, but with a longer duration for irregular verbs. Phonological control conditions suggested that differences in formal overlap between prime and target contributes to, but does not account for this difference, suggesting a link between irregular morphology and semantics. Further analysis, dividing the irregular verbs into two categories (weak irregular and strong) revealed that priming for strong verbs was reliably stronger than that for weak irregular and regular verbs, which were statistically indistinguishable from one another. We argue that although we observe a regular-irregular dissociation, the nature of this dissociation is more consistent with single-than with dual-system models of inflectional morphology.

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Section: Previous Event-related Potential Studies Using Other Experimmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpreting dissociations between regular and irregular past-tense morphology: Evidence from event-related potentials

Justus

Larsen

Davies³

et al. 2008

Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Consistent with central attention modulating the functional architecture of the reading system after letter identification but prior to the activation of phonology or semantics, performing letter search on the prime eliminates semantic and phonological priming, but not morphological priming (Ferguson & Besner, submitted;Stolz & Besner, 1998).…”

Section: Attention and Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reading aloud is not automatic: Processing capacity is required to generate a phonological code from print.

Reynolds¹,

Besner²

2006

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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100

119

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ii I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners.I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public.iii AbstractThe process of generating a phonological code from print is widely described asautomatic. This claim is tested in Chapter 1 by assessing whether phonological recoding uses central attention in the context of the Psychological Refractory Period (PRP) paradigm. Task 1 was a tone discrimination task and Task 2 was reading aloud.Nonword letter length and grapheme-phoneme complexity yielded additive effects with SOA in Experiments 1 and 2 suggesting that assembled phonology uses central attention. Theoretical development in this field (and others) will be facilitated by abandoning the idea that skilled performance inevitably means that all the underlying processes are automatic.iv Acknowledgements

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“…Furthermore, because little priming is obtained between semantically related items in the masked priming paradigm (see, e.g., de Groot & Nas, 1991), it is difficult to attribute these effects to semantic factors. In addition, in a related short-term priming task, Stolz and Besner (1998) were able to dissociate semantic and morphological priming following a letter search task on the prime: Semantic priming was eliminated under conditions in which participants searched primes for a specific letter, whereas robust morphological priming was obtained under the same conditions. Similarly, Laudanna, Badecker, and Caramazza (1989) [doors], which share the homographic stem port-), indicating that phonological overlap between items is not responsible for the morphological priming.…”

Section: The Influence Of Various Contextual Variables On Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

In defense of abstractionist theories of repetition priming and word identification

2000

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There is a great deal of interest in characterizing the representations and processes that support visual word priming and written word identification more generally. On one view, these phenomena are supported by abstract orthographic representations that map together visually dissimilar exemplars of letters and words (e.g., the letters Ala map onto a common abstract letter code a*), On a second view, orthographic codes consist in a collection of episodic representations of words that interact in such a way that it sometimes looks as if there are abstract codes. Tenpenny (1995) contrasted these general approaches and concluded by endorsing the episodic account, arguing that no evidence demands that we posit abstract orthographic representations. This review reconsiders the evidence and argues that a variety of priming and nonpriming research strongly supports the conclusion that abstract orthographic codes exist and support priming and word identification. On this account, episodic representations are represented separately from abstract orthographic knowledge and contribute minimally to these functions.There is a great deal of interest in characterizing the representations and processes that support the improved processing of stimuli repeated during an experiment-the repetition priming effect. Indeed, two different types of repetition priming have been intensively studied from two quite different perspectives. On the one hand, researchers interested in memory have tended to focus on long-term repetition priming, in which facilitation can last minutes, hours, and sometimes longer (Sloman, Hayman, Ohta, Law, & Tulving, 1988). For example, participants are generally faster and more accurate in making lexical decisions to test words encoded a few minutes or hours previously in a study list (see, e.g., Scarborough, Cortese, & Scarborough, 1977). On the other hand, researchers interested in language processing have tended to focus on short-term repetition priming in order to address questions regarding how single words are identified. In a typical short-term priming task, a pattern mask (e.g., ######) is replaced by a prime word that is briefly flashed (e.g., 50 msec), which in turn is replaced by the target. Under these conditions, primes are typically unnoticed by the participants, but these items nevertheless facilitate processing of targets when the prime and target are the same. One key attribute of masked priming is that it lasts only a few seconds (e.g., Forster & Davis, 1984).Among memory researchers, interest in long-term repetition priming was inspired by the observation that densely amnesic patients show robust (sometimes normal) priming despite poor (sometimes chance) performance I thank Chad Marsolek, Michael Masson, Kate Nation, and Keith Rayner for valuable suggestions that greatly improved this paper. Correspondence should be addressed to 1. S. Bowers, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, 8 Woodland Road, Bristol SS8 lIN, England (e-mail: j.bowers@bris.ac.uk). 83on explicit re...

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Levels of representation in visual word recognition: A dissociation between morphological and semantic processing.

Cited by 58 publications

References 48 publications

Interpreting dissociations between regular and irregular past-tense morphology: Evidence from event-related potentials

Interpreting dissociations between regular and irregular past-tense morphology: Evidence from event-related potentials

Reading aloud is not automatic: Processing capacity is required to generate a phonological code from print.

In defense of abstractionist theories of repetition priming and word identification

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