Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in placentas from the Spanish INMA birth cohort study

Fernández, Mariana F.; Parera, J.; Arrebola, Juan Pedro; Santa‐Marina, Loreto; Vrijheid, Martine; Llop, Sabrina; Ábalos, Manuela; Tardón, Adonina; Castaño, Argelia; Abad, Esteban; Olea, Nicolás

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.075

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Similarly, in some previous studies PCB distributions dominated by the less chlorinated congeners were reported in placenta (Fernandez et al 2012;Gómara et al 2012;Ma et al 2012;Needham, et al 2011) and this is not observed in the present study.…”

Section: Mother-to-fetus Pops Transfersupporting

confidence: 79%

Transport of persistent organic pollutants across the human placenta

Vizcaino

Grimalt

Fernández-Somoano³

et al. 2014

Environment International

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Prenatal life is the most sensitive stage of human development to environmental pollutants. Early exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may increase the risk of adverse health effects during childhood. The mechanisms of transference of POPs during pregnancy are still not well understood. The present study is aimed to investigate the transfer of POPs between mother and fetus. The concentrations of 14 organochlorine pesticides, 7 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 14 polybromodiphenyl ether (PBDEs) congeners have been measured in 308 maternal serum samples, their respective umbilical cords and 50 placental tissues from a mother-infant cohort representative of Spanish general population. In general, the adjusted lipid-basis concentrations were higher in maternal serum than in cord serum and placenta. The concentrations of most pollutants between maternal serum and cord serum and between maternal serum and placenta were significantly correlated. These distributions were consistent with a predominant maternal source that transfers the pollutants into the placenta and the fetus. However, this distribution did not correspond to passive diffusion of these compounds between these tissues according to lipid content. The compounds more readily metabolized were higher in newborns, which suggest that differences in metabolic capabilities may be responsible of the observed variations in POP distributions between mother and newborns. Prenatal exposure to 4,4'-DDT and some PBDEs such as BDE 99 and BDE 209 is much higher than it could be anticipated from the composition of maternal serum. POP exposure assessment studies of newborns may overlook the effects of some of these pollutants if they only consider maternal determinations.

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Section: Mother-to-fetus Pops Transfersupporting

confidence: 79%

Transport of persistent organic pollutants across the human placenta

Vizcaino

Grimalt

Fernández-Somoano³

et al. 2014

Environment International

Self Cite

206

100

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“…PCBs are highly persistent, lipophilic chemicals that accumulate in humans and the environment, and have half-lives of 10–20 years or longer in adipose tissue [86]. Because PCBs bioaccumulate, maternal levels are associated with age and birth year [87–89], and women who eat high quantities of fatty fish and game, such as Inuit and northern Norwegian mothers, are highly exposed [90, 91]. PCBs are reproductive toxicants [12] and developmental exposure to PCBs may adversely affect thyroid hormones, child neurodevelopment, and birth weight [69, 92].…”

Section: Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative Chemical Exposures During Pregnancy and Early Development

Mitro

Johnson

Zota

2015

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Industrial and consumer product chemicals are widely used, leading to ubiquitous human exposure to the most common classes. Because these chemicals may affect developmental milestones, exposures in pregnant women and developing fetuses are of particular interest. In this review, we discuss the prevalence of chemical exposures in pregnant women, the chemical class-specific relationships between maternal and fetal exposures, and the major sources of exposures for six chemical classes of concern: phthalates, phenols, perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), flame retardants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCs). Additionally, we describe the current efforts to characterize cumulative exposures to synthetic chemicals during pregnancy. We conclude by highlighting gaps in the literature and discussing possible applications of the findings to reduce the prevalence of cumulative exposures during pregnancy.

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“…Prenatal exposure to some of them are of high concern since levels above the limit of quantification have been found in a significant percentage of samples of several mother-child cohorts including the INMA cohort of Valencia (Vizcaino et al, 2010(Vizcaino et al, , 2011. Furthermore, neuropsychological studies on children reveal an association between PCB prenatal exposure and impaired neuropsychological and psychomotor development (Cheslack-Postava et al, 2013;Fernández et al, 2012; Forns et al, 2012 a,b;Sagiv et al, 2012, Gascon et al, 2013. It is also important to consider that people are simultaneously exposed to several pollutants through the diet (Arrebola et al 2011, Llop et al 2010, Ramon et al 2008) so the effects induced by the pollutants mixture may be different than the ones observed in experimental works with isolated pollutants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants on human cord blood levels of glutamate

et al. 2014

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Alteration of the glutamatergic system may be one mechanistic pathway. We aimed to determine whether mercury and seven OCs, including PCBs 138, 153, and 180, DDT and DDE, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) influence the cord levels of two excitatory amino acids, glutamate and aspartate. Secondly, we evaluated if this association was mediated by glutamate uptake measured in human placental membranes. The study sample included 40 newborns from a Spanish cohort selected according to cord mercury levels. We determined the content of both amino acids in cord blood samples by means of HPLC and assessed their associations with the contaminants using linear regression analyses, and the effect of the contaminants on glutamate uptake by means of [ 3 H]-aspartate binding in human placenta samples. PCB138, β-HCH, and the sum of the 3 PCBs and seven OCs showed a significant negative association with glutamate levels (decrease of 51, 24, 56 and 54 %, respectively, in glutamate levels for each 10-fold increase in the contaminant concentration). Mercury did not show a significant correlation neither with glutamate nor aspartate levels in cord blood, however a compensatory effect between THg and both PCB138, and 4,4'-DDE was observed. The organo-metallic derivative methylmercury completely inhibited glutamate uptake in placenta while PCB138 and β-HCH partially inhibited it (IC50 values: 4.9 ± 0.8 μM, 14.2± 1.2nM and 6.9± 2.9nM, respectively).We conclude that some environmental toxicants may alter the glutamate content in the umbilical cord blood, which might underlie alterations in human development.Key words: methylmercury, polychlorobiphenyl (PCB), organochlorine pesticides, placenta, umbilical cord blood, glutamate, transport, pollutants. 3 IntroductionSocial and economic development have been mediated by strong industrial growth involving the synthesis, use and release of large numbers of chemicals many of which are potentially harmful to human health and the environment (Li and Macdonald, 2005;Porta et al., 2012).Several of these chemicals, e.g. lead, mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), arsenic and toluene, have been associated to subclinical brain dysfunction and neurodevelopmental disorders such as poorer cognitive and motor development, attention deficit, hyperactivity, and sensory deficits but the underlying processes leading to these effects are still unknown (Grandjean and Landrigan, 2006). Pollutants come from several different sources, move on the environment and eventually accumulate in the food chain. Daily exposure to environmental persistent pollutants results in detectable levels of metals, PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in woman bodies (Woodruff et al., 2011). During pregnancy, the pollutants accumulated by the women can reach the fetus crossing the placenta. Although the placenta regulates the exchange of nutrients and oxygen between mother and fetus and acts as a barrier of many toxicants, it does not provide protection against certain environmental contaminants (Proui...

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Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls in placentas from the Spanish INMA birth cohort study

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Transport of persistent organic pollutants across the human placenta

Transport of persistent organic pollutants across the human placenta

Cumulative Chemical Exposures During Pregnancy and Early Development

Influence of prenatal exposure to environmental pollutants on human cord blood levels of glutamate

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