Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in the lower troposphere of the North- and South-Atlantic Ocean

Schreitmüller, Jörn; Ballschmiter, Karlheinz

doi:10.1007/bf00325365

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Concentrations and patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls as well as of hexachlorobenzene, dieldrin, and endosulfan were also analyzed in the air samples discussed here. These results are reported in separate papers (10,32,33).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The four compounds are as follows: a-hexachlorocyclohexane (a-HCH), and y-hexachlorocyclohexane (y-HCH), and the biotransformation products pentachloromethoxybenzene (pentachloroanisole, PCA) and tetrachloro-l,4-dimethoxybenzene (TCDMB). The samples were taken on the German RV Polarstem during cruises across the Atlantic Ocean (1990,1991) and on the Capo Verde Islands in the North Atlantic Ocean (1992) (10).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Air-Water Equilibrium of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Chloromethoxybenzenes in the North and South Atlantic

Schreitmueller¹,

Ballschmiter²

1995

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air-Water Equilibrium of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Chloromethoxybenzenes in the North and South Atlantic

Schreitmueller¹,

Ballschmiter²

1995

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Higher concentrations had been expected in the NH, based on production, usage, and emission data for PCBs (see Figure 2B) (14,15). However, PCB sampling along a similar route in the Atlantic was undertaken by Schreitmü ller and Ballschmiter in 1990, onboard the German research vessel, Polarstern (7). Their Σ7PCBs concentrations were on the order of 60 pg/m 3 for most samples, with lower concentrations measured in Capo Verde (5 pg/m 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Potential Contamination of Shipboard Air Samples by Diffusive Emissions of PCBs and Other Organic Pollutants: Implications and Solutions

Lohmann

Jaward

Durham

et al. 2004

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Air samples were taken onboard the RRS Bransfield on an Atlantic cruise from the United Kingdom to Halley, Antarctica, from October to December 1998, with the aim of establishing PCB oceanic background air concentrations and assessing their latitudinal distribution. Great care was taken to minimize pre- and post-collection contamination of the samples, which was validated through stringent QA/QC procedures. However, there is evidence that onboard contamination of the air samples occurred,following insidious, diffusive emissions on the ship. Other data (for PCBs and other persistent organic pollutants (POPs)) and examples of shipboard contamination are presented. The implications of these findings for past and future studies of global POPs distribution are discussed. Recommendations are made to help critically appraise and minimize the problems of insidious/diffusive shipboard contamination.

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“…Homogenous distribution of HCB in the two hemispheres is also indicated by analysis of leaves [24]. The slightly higher levels in the samples from the northern hemisphere of cruise leg ANT IX/4 can be explained by the partial influence of continental air masses [39][40][41].…”

Section: Meridional Concentration Profiles Of the Bromo-chioro-anisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of halogenated methoxybenzenes and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in the picogram m−3 range in marine air

et al. 1997

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SummaryHalogenated methoxybenzenes (halogenated anisoles) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) have been analyzed in marine air samples from the lower troposphere of the East Atlantic Ocean, taken on the German research vessel "Polarstern' during two cruises in 1993 and 1994, and in air samples from the North Pacific Ocean (1995). The high-volume sampling method, sample preparation and analysis by HRGC-ECD and HRGC-MSD-SIM are described. The effectiveness of a new graphitized-carboncovered silica sorbent (ANGI-Sorb B) for the sampling of semi-volatiles is demonstrated. Eight congeners of the halogenated anisoles and HCB were detected in almost all marine air samples. The concentrations of the chloroanisoles, which show a distinct north-south interhemispherical gradient, were between 0.2 and 145 pg m-3; for the bromoanisoles concentrations were between 0.2 and 42 pg m -3. Only a weak inter-hemispheric gradient was observed for HCB at levels of 10--40 pg m -3. Levels of HCB were approximately 100 pg m -3 in continentally influenced air. Biogenic and indirect anthropogenic sources of the halogenated anisoles are discussed.

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Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in the lower troposphere of the North- and South-Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 31 publications

References 40 publications

Air-Water Equilibrium of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Chloromethoxybenzenes in the North and South Atlantic

Air-Water Equilibrium of Hexachlorocyclohexanes and Chloromethoxybenzenes in the North and South Atlantic

Potential Contamination of Shipboard Air Samples by Diffusive Emissions of PCBs and Other Organic Pollutants: Implications and Solutions

Analysis of halogenated methoxybenzenes and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in the picogram m−3 range in marine air

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