Levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in water and sediment from open city drains in Makurdi Metropolitan Area, North Central Nigeria

Abstract

their levels in sediment during dry and wet seasons ranged from 3.22 to 26.26 ng g −1 and 7.51 to 27.41 ng g −1 , respectively. The percentage recoveries from solid phase and Soxhlet extractions ranged from 69 to 104% and 70 to 112%, respectively. It was concluded that the presence of all the congeners in both water and sediment posed a pollution risk to the river in which the drains discharge and require further monitoring and necessary preventive measures.

Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in city drains in Makurdi, central Nigeria: Seasonal variations, source apportionment and risk assessment

“…The European Union Water Frame Work Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC) addressed the need to mitigate diffuse pollution and its amending priority pollutant directive (Directive 2013L39lEU) contributed in broadening the list of substances included in runoff quality studies [ 8 , 9 ]. This confirmed earlier findings concerning trace metals, total suspended solids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [ 10 ], and produced new data on emerging pollutants in runoff such as phthalates [ 11 , 12 ], Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEs) and Alkylphenols (APs) [ 13 , 14 ], bisphenol-A (BPA), pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [ 10 , 15 ].…”

“…Due to the poor waste disposal system in the city, wastes of various compositions are discarded into open drains and by the road side [ 37 ]. Moreover, many of the drains in the city empty their contents directly into River Benue, the second largest river in Nigeria [ 38 ].

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Enhanced photodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether on oxygen vacancy-enriched Bi2MoO6

“…As a class of POPs, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely distributed in the atmosphere, silt and river sediments around the world and are endangering human health and affecting sustainable development. 1,2 However, due to the lack of effective alternatives, PBDEs are still being produced and used in large quantities as efficient ameretardants, 3 and the content of PBDEs in the environment is increasing. Therefore, the environmental pollution of PBDEs and their treatment are also the concern of current environment science.…”